Isaiah 48:14

הִקָּבְצ֤וּ כֻלְּכֶם֙ וּֽשֲׁמָ֔עוּ מִ֥י בָהֶ֖ם הִגִּ֣יד אֶת־אֵ֑לֶּה יְהוָ֣ה אֲהֵבֹ֔ו יַעֲשֶׂ֤ה חֶפְצֹו֙ בְּבָבֶ֔ל וּזְרֹעֹ֖ו כַּשְׂדִּֽים׃

Assemble yourselves, all of you, and hear: Who among them has declared these? YHWH, his beloved, shall perform His desire in Bavel, and His arm shall be against the Kasdim.

Morphology

1. הִקָּבְצוּ (hiqqavtzu) – Root: קבץ; Form: Nifal imperative masculine plural; Translation: “Assemble yourselves”; Notes: Passive-reflexive command—calling all to gather for hearing.
2. כֻלְּכֶם (kulkhem) – Root: כל; Form: Noun + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “all of you”; Notes: Emphatic inclusion of the whole audience.
3. וּשֲׁמָעוּ (u-shemaʿu) – Root: שׁמע; Form: Conjunction + Qal imperative masculine plural; Translation: “and hear”; Notes: Parallel imperative to “assemble.”
4. מִי (mi) – Root: מי; Form: Interrogative pronoun; Translation: “Who”; Notes: Introduces a rhetorical question.
5. בָהֶם (bahem) – Root: הם; Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “among them”; Notes: Likely referring to the nations or idolaters.
6. הִגִּיד (higgid) – Root: נגד; Form: Hifil perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “has declared”; Notes: Causative—who made these things known.
7. אֶת־אֵלֶּה (et-elleh) – Root: אלה; Form: Definite direct object marker + demonstrative plural; Translation: “these”; Notes: Refers to the preceding or following declarations.
8. יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: הוה; Form: Proper divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Subject of the following actions.
9. אֲהֵבוֹ (ahevo) – Root: אהב; Form: Qal active participle with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his beloved”; Notes: Refers to the agent chosen by YHWH—possibly Koresh (Cyrus).
10. יַעֲשֶׂה (yaʿaseh) – Root: עשה; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall perform”; Notes: Future or modal—speaks of what God’s chosen one will do.
11. חֶפְצֹו (ḥeftso) – Root: חפץ; Form: Noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “His desire”; Notes: Refers to God’s will or purpose.
12. בְּבָבֶל (be-Bavel) – Root: בבל; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “in Bavel”; Notes: Refers to Babylon, the object of divine intervention.
13. וּזְרֹעֹו (u-zeroʿo) – Root: זרע; Form: Conjunction + noun feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and His arm”; Notes: Symbol of strength and might.
14. כַּשְׂדִּים (Kasdim) – Root: כשדים; Form: Proper noun masculine plural; Translation: “Kasdim”; Notes: Refers to the Chaldeans—inhabitants of Babylon.