Isaiah 49:2

וַיָּ֤שֶׂם פִּי֙ כְּחֶ֣רֶב חַדָּ֔ה בְּצֵ֥ל יָדֹ֖ו הֶחְבִּיאָ֑נִי וַיְשִׂימֵ֨נִי֙ לְחֵ֣ץ בָּר֔וּר בְּאַשְׁפָּתֹ֖ו הִסְתִּירָֽנִי׃

And He set my mouth like a sharp sword; in the shadow of His hand He hid me. And He made me a polished arrow; in His quiver He concealed me.

Morphology

1. וַיָּ֤שֶׂם (va-yasem) – Root: שׂים; Form: Qal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And He set”; Notes: Describes YHWH’s intentional preparation of the servant.
2. פִּי (pi) – Root: פה; Form: Noun masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “my mouth”; Notes: Symbol of speech, prophecy, or authority.
3. כְּחֶ֣רֶב (ke-ḥerev) – Root: חרב; Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular; Translation: “like a sword”; Notes: Simile emphasizing the cutting or powerful effect of words.
4. חַדָּה (ḥaddah) – Root: חדד; Form: Adjective feminine singular; Translation: “sharp”; Notes: Modifies the feminine noun “sword.”
5. בְּצֵ֥ל (be-tzel) – Root: צלל or צל; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “in the shadow”; Notes: Indicates protective concealment.
6. יָדֹו (yado) – Root: יד; Form: Noun feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “His hand”; Notes: Possessive structure expressing divine shelter or control.
7. הֶחְבִּיאָ֑נִי (heḥbiʾani) – Root: חבא; Form: Hifil perfect 3rd person masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “He hid me”; Notes: Causative action of divine concealment.
8. וַיְשִׂימֵ֨נִי (va-yesimenī) – Root: שׂים; Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “And He made me”; Notes: Continues the metaphor of preparation for a purpose.
9. לְחֵ֣ץ (le-ḥets) – Root: חץ; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “as an arrow”; Notes: Indicates instrument of precision or judgment.
10. בָּר֔וּר (barur) – Root: ברר; Form: Passive participle masculine singular; Translation: “polished”; Notes: Implies refinement and readiness for use.
11. בְּאַשְׁפָּתֹ֖ו (be-ashpatov) – Root: אשׁפת; Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “in His quiver”; Notes: Place of storage and concealment for arrows.
12. הִסְתִּירָֽנִי (histirani) – Root: סתר; Form: Hifil perfect 3rd person masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “He concealed me”; Notes: Emphasizes divine concealment until the appointed time.