Isaiah 50:10

מִ֤י בָכֶם֙ יְרֵ֣א יְהוָ֔ה שֹׁמֵ֖עַ בְּקֹ֣ול עַבְדֹּ֑ו אֲשֶׁ֣ר הָלַ֣ךְ חֲשֵׁכִ֗ים וְאֵ֥ין נֹ֨גַהּ֙ לֹ֔ו יִבְטַח֙ בְּשֵׁ֣ם יְהוָ֔ה וְיִשָּׁעֵ֖ן בֵּאלֹהָֽיו׃

Who among you fears YHWH, hears the voice of His servant? He who walks in darkness and has no light, let him trust in the name of YHWH and lean upon his God.

Morphology

1. מִ֤י (mi) – Root: Interrogative; Form: Question particle; Translation: “Who”; Notes: Introduces a rhetorical or exhortative question to the audience.
2. בָכֶם (bakhem) – Root: בכם; Form: Preposition בְּ + second person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “among you”; Notes: Refers to the people addressed—likely Yisraʾel.
3. יְרֵא (yere) – Root: ירא (yareʾ); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “fears”; Notes: Describes one who stands in reverence or awe of YHWH.
4. יְהוָ֔ה (YHWH) – Root: הוה (havah); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name of God.
5. שֹׁמֵ֖עַ (shomeaʿ) – Root: שמע (shamaʿ); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “hearing”; Notes: Describes attentiveness to divine instruction through the servant.
6. בְּקֹ֣ול (be-qol) – Root: קול (qol); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “the voice of”; Notes: Points to the speech or message heard.
7. עַבְדֹּ֑ו (avdo) – Root: עבד (ʿeved); Form: Noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “His servant”; Notes: Refers either to the prophet or to the servant figure in Isaiah.
8. אֲשֶׁ֣ר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “who”; Notes: Introduces a subordinate descriptive clause.
9. הָלַ֣ךְ (halakh) – Root: הלך (halakh); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “walked”; Notes: Indicates one’s life path or conduct.
10. חֲשֵׁכִ֗ים (ḥashekhim) – Root: חשך (ḥashakh); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “in darkness”; Notes: Symbol of suffering, uncertainty, or divine testing.
11. וְאֵ֥ין (ve-ein) – Root: אין; Form: Conjunction + particle of non-existence; Translation: “and has no”; Notes: Introduces a clause of lack or deficiency.
12. נֹ֨גַהּ (nogah) – Root: נגה (nogah); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “brightness” or “light”; Notes: Symbol of divine presence, clarity, or guidance.
13. לֹ֔ו (lo) – Root: לו; Form: Preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “to him”; Notes: Marks the person lacking light.
14. יִבְטַח (yivtaḥ) – Root: בטח (bataḥ); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “let him trust”; Notes: Imperative in function despite imperfect form; exhortative tone.
15. בְּשֵׁ֣ם (be-shem) – Root: שם (shem); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “in the name of”; Notes: Represents the character or authority of YHWH.
16. יְהוָ֔ה (YHWH) – Root: הוה (havah); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Divine name expressing covenantal relationship.
17. וְיִשָּׁעֵ֖ן (ve-yishaʿen) – Root: שׁען (shaʿan); Form: Nifal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and let him lean”; Notes: Reflexive or passive form indicating dependence or trust.
18. בֵּאלֹהָֽיו (be-Elohav) – Root: אל (ʾel); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “on his God”; Notes: Emphasizes personal relationship and reliance upon God.