כֹּֽה־אָמַ֞ר אֲדֹנַ֣יִךְ יְהוָ֗ה וֵאלֹהַ֨יִךְ֙ יָרִ֣יב עַמֹּ֔ו הִנֵּ֥ה לָקַ֛חְתִּי מִיָּדֵ֖ךְ אֶת־כֹּ֣וס הַתַּרְעֵלָ֑ה אֶת־קֻבַּ֨עַת֙ כֹּ֣וס חֲמָתִ֔י לֹא־תֹוסִ֥יפִי לִשְׁתֹּותָ֖הּ עֹֽוד׃
Thus says your Lord, YHWH, and your God who pleads the cause of His people: “Behold, I have taken from your hand the goblet of staggering, the bowl of the goblet of my wrath; you shall no more drink it again.
Morphology
- כֹּֽה־אָמַ֞ר (koh-amar) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Adverb + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “Thus said”; Notes: Prophetic formula introducing divine speech.
- אֲדֹנַ֣יִךְ (adonayikh) – Root: אדן (ʾadon); Form: Noun masculine plural + 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “your Lord”; Notes: Refers to YHWH in the role of Master.
- יְהוָ֗ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The divine name of Israel’s God.
- וֵאלֹהַ֨יִךְ֙ (ve-Elohayikh) – Root: אלה (ʾeloh); Form: Conjunction + noun masculine plural + 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “and your God”; Notes: Parallel to “your Lord,” highlighting both authority and covenant relationship.
- יָרִ֣יב (yariv) – Root: ריב (riv); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “who pleads”; Notes: Legal language—God acts as advocate for His people.
- עַמֹּ֔ו (ammo) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “His people”; Notes: Refers to Yisraʾel as YHWH’s possession.
- הִנֵּ֥ה (hinneh) – Root: נה (hinneh); Form: Interjection; Translation: “Behold”; Notes: Draws attention to the following divine action.
- לָקַ֛חְתִּי (laqakhti) – Root: לקח (laqakh); Form: Qal perfect 1st person common singular; Translation: “I have taken”; Notes: Marks completed divine intervention.
- מִיָּדֵ֖ךְ (mi-yadekh) – Root: יד (yad); Form: Preposition + noun feminine singular + 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “from your hand”; Notes: Signifies removal of burden or judgment.
- אֶת־כֹּ֣וס (et-kos) – Root: כוס (kos); Form: Direct object marker + noun masculine singular; Translation: “the goblet”; Notes: Object of the divine action—cup of judgment.
- הַתַּרְעֵלָ֑ה (ha-tarʿelah) – Root: תרעל (tarʿelah); Form: Definite article + noun feminine singular; Translation: “of staggering”; Notes: Describes the effect of the goblet—divine disorientation.
- אֶת־קֻבַּ֨עַת (et-qubbaʿat) – Root: קבע (qubbaʿ); Form: Direct object marker + noun feminine singular; Translation: “the bowl”; Notes: Larger drinking vessel, parallel to “goblet.”
- כֹּ֣וס חֲמָתִ֔י (kos ḥamati) – Root: כוס / חמה (kos / ḥemah); Form: Construct noun + noun feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “of the goblet of my wrath”; Notes: Full expression of divine anger in metaphorical form.
- לֹא־תֹוסִ֥יפִי (lo-tosifi) – Root: יסף (yasaf); Form: Negative particle + Hifil imperfect 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “you shall no more”; Notes: Prohibits or ends a repeated action.
- לִשְׁתֹּותָ֖הּ (lishtotah) – Root: שתה (shatah); Form: Preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “to drink it”; Notes: Refers to the goblet—the action is now ceased.
- עֹֽוד (ʿod) – Root: עוד (ʿod); Form: Adverb; Translation: “again”; Notes: Finalizes the declaration—this will not recur.