אַל־תִּקְצֹ֤ף יְהוָה֙ עַד־מְאֹ֔ד וְאַל־לָעַ֖ד תִּזְכֹּ֣ר עָוֺ֑ן הֵ֥ן הַבֶּט־נָ֖א עַמְּךָ֥ כֻלָּֽנוּ׃
Do not be exceedingly angry, YHWH, and do not remember iniquity forever. Behold, please look, we are all Your people.
Morphology
- אַל־ (ʾal) – Root: לא (as a prohibitive); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “Do not”; Notes: Used with jussive or imperfect verbs for pleading commands.
- תִּקְצֹ֤ף (tiqtsof) – Root: קצף (qatsaf); Form: Qal imperfect jussive 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “be angry”; Notes: A request for divine restraint in anger.
- יְהוָה֙ (YHWH) – Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Direct address to the covenantal God of Yisraʾel.
- עַד־מְאֹ֔ד (ʿad-meʾod) – Root: מאד (meʾod); Form: Preposition + noun/adverb; Translation: “exceedingly” or “to an extreme”; Notes: Describes the intensity of anger being pleaded against.
- וְאַל־ (ve-ʾal) – Form: Conjunction + prohibitive particle; Translation: “and do not”; Notes: Connects the second negative appeal.
- לָעַ֖ד (laʿad) – Root: עד (ʿad); Form: Preposition + noun; Translation: “forever” or “eternally”; Notes: Requests that divine remembrance of sin not be eternal.
- תִּזְכֹּ֣ר (tizkor) – Root: זכר (zakhar); Form: Qal imperfect jussive 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “remember”; Notes: Refers to holding in mind for judgment or retribution.
- עָוֺ֑ן (ʿavon) – Root: עון (ʿavon); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “iniquity”; Notes: A general term for guilt, sin, or moral corruption.
- הֵ֥ן (hen) – Root: —; Form: Interjection; Translation: “Behold”; Notes: Introduces a plea or request, calls attention to what follows.
- הַבֶּט־נָ֖א (habbet-na) – Root: נבט (nabat); Form: Hifil imperative masculine singular + enclitic particle נָא (please); Translation: “please look”; Notes: A softened, respectful plea for attention.
- עַמְּךָ֥ (ʿammekha) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Noun masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “Your people”; Notes: Covenant reminder—Yisraʾel as God’s chosen nation.
- כֻּלָּֽנוּ (kullanu) – Root: כלל (kul); Form: Noun masculine plural + 1st person plural suffix; Translation: “all of us”; Notes: Inclusive term emphasizing collective identity and shared appeal.