כְּבֹ֤שֶׁת גַּנָּב֙ כִּ֣י יִמָּצֵ֔א כֵּ֥ן הֹבִ֖ישׁוּ בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל הֵ֤מָּה מַלְכֵיהֶם֙ שָֽׂרֵיהֶ֔ם וְכֹהֲנֵיהֶ֖ם וּנְבִיאֵיהֶֽם׃
“As the shame of a thief when he is found, so has the house of Yisraʾel been put to shame; they, their kings, their officials, their priests, and their prophets,
Morphology
- כְּבֹ֤שֶׁת (kevoshet) – Root: בושׁ (bosh); Form: Preposition כְּ + noun feminine singular; Translation: “as the shame of”; Notes: Comparative construct introducing the simile.
- גַּנָּב (gannav) – Root: גנב (ganav); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “a thief”; Notes: The subject of the simile, representing moral guilt.
- כִּ֣י (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “when”; Notes: Temporal clause marker here, indicating time of action.
- יִמָּצֵ֔א (yimmatse) – Root: מצא (matsaʾ); Form: Nifal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he is found”; Notes: Passive voice indicating the thief being discovered.
- כֵּ֥ן (ken) – Root: כן (ken); Form: Adverb; Translation: “so”; Notes: Draws the comparison between the thief and Yisraʾel.
- הֹבִ֖ישׁוּ (hovishu) – Root: בושׁ (bosh); Form: Hifil perfect 3rd person plural; Translation: “they were put to shame”; Notes: Causative form indicating public disgrace or humiliation.
- בֵּ֣ית (beit) – Root: בית (bayit); Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “house of”; Notes: Construct form connecting to the following noun.
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Refers collectively to the people or nation.
- הֵ֤מָּה (hema) – Root: הם (hem); Form: Independent pronoun masculine plural; Translation: “they”; Notes: Emphatic subject pronoun referring to the house of Yisraʾel.
- מַלְכֵיהֶם (malkheihem) – Root: מלך (melekh); Form: Noun masculine plural in construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “their kings”; Notes: Leaders included in the disgrace.
- שָׂרֵיהֶם (sareihem) – Root: שר (sar); Form: Noun masculine plural in construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “their officials”; Notes: Governmental leaders or nobles.
- וְכֹהֲנֵיהֶם (ve-kohanëhem) – Root: כהן (kohen); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “and their priests”; Notes: Religious leaders also implicated.
- וּנְבִיאֵיהֶֽם (u-neviʾëhem) – Root: נבא (naviʾ); Form: Conjunction וּ + noun masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “and their prophets”; Notes: Prophetic figures who were likewise shamed.