מַדּוּעַ֩ נִבֵּ֨יתָ בְשֵׁם־יְהוָ֜ה לֵאמֹ֗ר כְּשִׁלֹו֙ יִֽהְיֶה֙ הַבַּ֣יִת הַזֶּ֔ה וְהָעִ֥יר הַזֹּ֛את תֶּחֱרַ֖ב מֵאֵ֣ין יֹושֵׁ֑ב וַיִּקָּהֵ֧ל כָּל־הָעָ֛ם אֶֽל־יִרְמְיָ֖הוּ בְּבֵ֥ית יְהוָֽה׃
Why have you prophesied in the name of YHWH, saying, ‘Like Shilo this house shall be, and this city shall be desolate, without inhabitant’?” And all the people assembled against Yirmeyahu in the house of YHWH.
Morphology
- מַדּוּעַ֩ (madduaʿ) – Root: ידע (yadaʿ); Form: Interrogative particle; Translation: “Why”; Notes: Introduces a question about cause or justification.
- נִבֵּ֨יתָ (nibbeta) – Root: נבא (navaʾ); Form: Nifal perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “have you prophesied”; Notes: Passive-reflexive form, often used of prophetic utterance.
- בְשֵׁם־יְהוָ֜ה (be-shem YHWH) – Root: שם (shem); Form: Preposition בְּ + construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “in the name of YHWH”; Notes: Indicates divine authority claimed in the prophecy.
- לֵאמֹ֗ר (leʾemor) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Infinitive construct with preposition לְ; Translation: “saying”; Notes: Introduces the quoted prophecy.
- כְּשִׁלֹו֙ (ke-Shiloh) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Preposition כְּ + proper noun; Translation: “Like Shiloh”; Notes: Refers to the sanctuary previously destroyed—symbol of divine judgment.
- יִֽהְיֶה֙ (yihyeh) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall be”; Notes: Predictive future verb, describes coming judgment.
- הַבַּ֣יִת (ha-bayit) – Root: בית (bayit); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the house”; Notes: Refers to the temple in Yerushalayim.
- הַזֶּ֔ה (ha-zeh) – Root: זה (zeh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun masculine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Modifies “house” for emphasis.
- וְהָעִ֥יר (ve-ha-ʿir) – Root: עיר (ʿir); Form: Conjunction + definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “and the city”; Notes: Refers to Yerushalayim.
- הַזֹּ֛את (ha-zot) – Root: זה (zeh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun feminine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Agrees in gender with “city.”
- תֶּחֱרַ֖ב (teḥerav) – Root: חרב (ḥarav); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “shall be destroyed”; Notes: Predictive passive action describing desolation.
- מֵאֵ֣ין (meʾein) – Root: אין (ʾein); Form: Preposition מִן + negative existential; Translation: “from not [being]”; Notes: Expresses absence of something—here, inhabitants.
- יֹושֵׁ֑ב (yoshev) – Root: ישׁב (yashav); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “inhabitant”; Notes: Used substantively to mean “one who dwells.”
- וַיִּקָּהֵ֧ל (va-yiqqahel) – Root: קהל (qahal); Form: Niphal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And [he/they] assembled”; Notes: Niphal often used for reflexive or passive gathering.
- כָּל־הָעָ֛ם (kol-ha-ʿam) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Construct noun + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “all the people”; Notes: The crowd reacting to Yirmeyahu’s prophecy.
- אֶל־יִרְמְיָ֖הוּ (el-Yirmeyahu) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Preposition אֶל + proper noun; Translation: “against Yirmeyahu” / “to Yirmeyahu”; Notes: Contextually hostile assembly against the prophet.
- בְּבֵ֥ית (be-veit) – Root: בית (bayit); Form: Preposition בְּ + construct noun masculine singular; Translation: “in the house of”; Notes: Indicates the location of the event.
- יְהוָֽה (YHWH) – Root: —; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Refers to the temple as the house of YHWH.