Jeremiah 42:10

אִם־שֹׁוב תֵּשְׁבוּ בָּאָרֶץ הַזֹּאת וּבָנִיתִי אֶתְכֶם וְלֹא אֶהֱרֹס וְנָטַעְתִּי אֶתְכֶם וְלֹא אֶתּוֹשׁ כִּי נִחַמְתִּי אֶל־הָרָעָה אֲשֶׁר עָשִׂיתִי לָכֶם׃

‘If indeed you return and dwell in this land, then I will build you up and not tear down, and I will plant you and not pluck up, for I have relented concerning the evil that I have done to you.

Morphology

1. אִם (ʾim) – Root: Particle; Form: Conditional particle; Translation: “if”; Notes: Introduces the condition.
2. שֹׁוב (shov) – Root: שׁוב (shuv); Form: Qal infinitive absolute; Translation: “indeed return”; Notes: Infinitive absolute strengthens the following finite verb.
3. תֵּשְׁבוּ (teshvu) – Root: ישׁב (yashav); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you dwell”; Notes: Main conditional action.
4. בָּאָרֶץ (ba-aretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾerets); Form: Preposition ב + definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “in the land”; Notes: Specific land being referred to.
5. הַזֹּאת (ha-zot) – Root: זה (zeh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun feminine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Qualifies “the land.”
6. וּבָנִיתִי (u-vaniti) – Root: בנה (banah); Form: Qal perfect 1st person singular with waw-consecutive; Translation: “then I will build”; Notes: Divine promise of restoration.
7. אֶתְכֶם (etkhem) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Direct object marker + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “you”; Notes: Direct object of “I will build.”
8. וְלֹא (ve-lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Conjunction + negative particle; Translation: “and not”; Notes: Negates the following verb.
9. אֶהֱרֹס (eheros) – Root: הרס (haras); Form: Qal imperfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I will tear down”; Notes: Contrast to building, metaphor for destruction.
10. וְנָטַעְתִּי (ve-nataʿti) – Root: נטע (nataʿ); Form: Qal perfect 1st person singular with waw-consecutive; Translation: “and I will plant”; Notes: Metaphor for establishing securely.
11. אֶתְכֶם (etkhem) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Direct object marker + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “you”; Notes: Direct object of “I will plant.”
12. וְלֹא (ve-lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Conjunction + negative particle; Translation: “and not”; Notes: Negates the next verb.
13. אֶתּוֹשׁ (ettosh) – Root: נתשׁ (natash); Form: Qal imperfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I will pluck up”; Notes: Opposite of planting, metaphor for uprooting a people.
14. כִּי (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces reason or explanation.
15. נִחַמְתִּי (niḥamti) – Root: נחם (naḥam); Form: Nifal perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I have relented”; Notes: Expresses a change of intention from judgment to mercy.
16. אֶל (ʾel) – Root: אל (ʾel); Form: Preposition; Translation: “concerning”; Notes: Marks the object of relenting.
17. הָרָעָה (ha-raʿah) – Root: רעע (raʿaʿ); Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the evil/disaster”; Notes: Refers to calamity or judgment.
18. אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Root: Particle; Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “which”; Notes: Introduces relative clause.
19. עָשִׂיתִי (ʿasiti) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Qal perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I have done”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s prior actions of judgment.
20. לָכֶם (lakhem) – Root: ל (le); Form: Preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “to you”; Notes: Marks the recipients of YHWH’s past action.