הִנְנִי֩ מֵבִ֨יא עָלַ֜יִךְ פַּ֗חַד נְאֻם־אֲדֹנָ֧י יְהוִ֛ה צְבָאֹ֖ות מִכָּל־סְבִיבָ֑יִךְ וְנִדַּחְתֶּם֙ אִ֣ישׁ לְפָנָ֔יו וְאֵ֥ין מְקַבֵּ֖ץ לַנֹּדֵֽד׃
Behold, I am bringing upon you terror,” declares the Lord YHWH of Hosts, “from all around you, and you shall be driven out, each man before him, and there shall be none to gather the wanderer.
Morphology
- הִנְנִי (hineni) – Root: —; Form: Interjection + 1st person singular pronoun suffix; Translation: “Behold, I”; Notes: Formula of divine announcement emphasizing immediacy.
- מֵבִיא (meviʾ) – Root: בוא; Form: Hifil participle masculine singular; Translation: “am bringing”; Notes: YHWH as the active agent of terror.
- עָלַיִךְ (ʿalayikh) – Root: —; Form: Preposition עַל + second person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “upon you”; Notes: Addressed to the nation as a feminine entity.
- פַּחַד (paḥad) – Root: פחד; Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “terror”; Notes: Refers to divine judgment striking fear.
- נְאֻם־ (nəʾum-) – Root: נאם; Form: Noun construct with maqaf; Translation: “utterance of”; Notes: Prophetic formula introducing divine speech.
- אֲדֹנָי (ʾAdonai) – Root: אדן; Form: Noun masculine plural with 1st person singular possessive; Translation: “my Lord”; Notes: Used here in reference to God.
- יְהוִה (YHWH) – Root: הוה/יהוה; Form: Proper noun, divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenantal name of God.
- צְבָאֹות (tsevaʾot) – Root: צבא; Form: Noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “of hosts”; Notes: Refers to angelic or heavenly armies under YHWH’s command.
- מִכָּל־ (mi-kol) – Root: כל; Form: Preposition מִן + noun masculine singular construct with maqaf; Translation: “from all”; Notes: Expresses source and totality.
- סְבִיבָיִךְ (sevivayikh) – Root: סבב; Form: Noun masculine plural with 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “your surroundings”; Notes: Refers to neighboring nations.
- וְנִדַּחְתֶּם (ve-niddaḥtem) – Root: נדח; Form: Niphal perfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “and you shall be driven out”; Notes: Niphal passive indicates forced expulsion.
- אִישׁ (ʾish) – Root: אישׁ; Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “each man”; Notes: Refers to individuals within the nation.
- לְפָנָיו (le-fanav) – Root: פנה; Form: Preposition לְ + noun masculine plural construct “faces” + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “before him”; Notes: Expresses chaotic scattering, each fleeing ahead.
- וְאֵין (ve-ʾein) – Root: —; Form: Negative existential with prefixed conjunction; Translation: “and there is none”; Notes: Emphasizes hopelessness.
- מְקַבֵּץ (meqabetz) – Root: קבץ; Form: Piel participle masculine singular; Translation: “to gather”; Notes: One who would collect or regather the dispersed.
- לַנֹּדֵד (la-noded) – Root: נדד; Form: Preposition לְ + Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “the wanderer”; Notes: Highlights absence of restoration for the scattered people.