מִקֹּ֣ול נִפְלָ֔ם רָעֲשָׁ֖ה הָאָ֑רֶץ צְעָקָ֕ה בְּיַם־ס֖וּף נִשְׁמַ֥ע קֹולָֽהּ׃
From the sound of their downfall the earth quaked; a cry, at the Sea of Suf her voice was heard.
Morphology
- מִקֹּול (mi-qol) – Root: קול; Form: Preposition מִן + noun masculine singular; Translation: “from the sound of”; Notes: Introduces the cause of the earthquake.
- נִפְלָם (niflam) – Root: נפל; Form: Niphal infinitive construct with 3mp suffix; Translation: “their downfall”; Notes: Niphal stem indicates passive sense of “falling, collapse.”
- רָעֲשָׁה (raʿashah) – Root: רעשׁ; Form: Qal perfect 3fs; Translation: “quaked”; Notes: Feminine subject is “the earth.”
- הָאָרֶץ (ha-ʾarets) – Root: ארץ; Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the earth”; Notes: Common feminine noun for land or earth.
- צְעָקָה (tseʿaqah) – Root: צעק; Form: Noun feminine singular absolute; Translation: “a cry”; Notes: Interjection-like, standing alone to emphasize the wailing.
- בְּיַם־סוּף (be-yam Suf) – Root: ים + סוף; Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “at the Sea of Suf”; Notes: Refers to the Red Sea (Yam Suf), traditionally site of YHWH’s judgment.
- נִשְׁמַע (nishmaʿ) – Root: שׁמע; Form: Niphal perfect 3ms; Translation: “was heard”; Notes: Passive voice, describing the reception of the cry’s sound.
- קֹולָהּ (qolah) – Root: קול; Form: Noun masculine singular with 3fs suffix; Translation: “her voice”; Notes: Feminine suffix refers back to “the earth.”