Ezekiel 16:19

וְלַחְמִי֩ אֲשֶׁר־נָתַ֨תִּי לָ֜ךְ סֹ֣לֶת וָשֶׁ֤מֶן וּדְבַשׁ֙ הֶֽאֱכַלְתִּ֔יךְ וּנְתַתִּ֧יהוּ לִפְנֵיהֶ֛ם לְרֵ֥יחַ נִיחֹ֖חַ וַיֶּ֑הִי נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה׃

And my bread which I gave to you, fine flour and oil and honey with which I fed you, you set it before them for a sweet aroma, and it was,” declares the Lord YHWH.

Morphology

1. וְלַחְמִי (ve-lachmi) – Root: לחם (leḥem); Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular construct + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “and my bread”; Notes: Refers to food provided by YHWH.
2. אֲשֶׁר (asher) – Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “which”; Notes: Introduces relative clause.
3. נָתַתִּי (natatti) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Qal perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I gave”; Notes: Indicates YHWH’s gracious provision.
4. לָךְ (lakh) – Root: ל (le); Form: Preposition + 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “to you”; Notes: Recipient is personified Jerusalem.
5. סֹלֶת (solet) – Root: סלת (solet); Form: Noun feminine singular absolute; Translation: “fine flour”; Notes: Choice grain, symbol of abundance.
6. וָשֶׁמֶן (va-shemen) – Root: שׁמן (shemen); Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “and oil”; Notes: Oil as symbol of blessing and luxury.
7. וּדְבַשׁ (u-devash) – Root: דבש (devash); Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “and honey”; Notes: Part of the abundance of the land.
8. הֶאֱכַלְתִּיךְ (heʾekhaltikh) – Root: אכל (ʾakal); Form: Hiphil perfect 1st person singular + 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “with which I fed you”; Notes: Expresses provision and sustenance.
9. וּנְתַתִּיהוּ (u-netattihu) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Conjunction + Qal perfect 1st person singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and you set it”; Notes: Refers to offering of YHWH’s gifts before idols.
10. לִפְנֵיהֶם (lifneihem) – Root: פנה (panim); Form: Preposition + plural construct “before” + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “before them”; Notes: Placed in front of idols in worship.
11. לְרֵיחַ (le-reaḥ) – Root: ריח (reaḥ); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “for a fragrance”; Notes: Used for sacrificial aroma.
12. נִיחֹחַ (niḥoaḥ) – Root: נוח (nu’aḥ); Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “sweet aroma”; Notes: Technical cultic term for pleasing sacrifices.
13. וַיְהִי (va-yehi) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and it was”; Notes: Marks the result of the action.
14. נְאֻם (neʾum) – Root: נאם (naʾam); Form: Noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “utterance of”; Notes: Prophetic formula introducing divine authority.
15. אֲדֹנָי (ʾAdonai) – Root: אדן (ʾadon); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Lord”; Notes: Title of sovereignty when paired with YHWH.
16. יְהוִה (YHWH) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Proper noun, divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Covenant name of God.