Ezekiel 28:7

לָכֵ֗ן הִנְנִ֨י מֵבִ֤יא עָלֶ֨יךָ֙ זָרִ֔ים עָרִיצֵ֖י גֹּויִ֑ם וְהֵרִ֤יקוּ חַרְבֹותָם֙ עַל־יְפִ֣י חָכְמָתֶ֔ךָ וְחִלְּל֖וּ יִפְעָתֶֽךָ׃

Therefore, behold, I am bringing upon you foreigners, the ruthless of the nations, and they shall draw their swords against the beauty of your wisdom, and they shall profane your splendor.

Morphology

1. לָכֵן (lakhen) – Root: —; Form: Adverb; Translation: “therefore”; Notes: Introduces the consequence or divine response to the ruler’s arrogance.
2. הִנְנִי (hineni) – Root: —; Form: Interjection + 1st person singular pronoun; Translation: “behold, I”; Notes: A self-referential declaration used by YHWH to emphasize immediate divine action.
3. מֵבִיא (meviʾ) – Root: בוא (boʾ); Form: Hiphil participle masculine singular; Translation: “bringing”; Notes: The participle expresses an ongoing or imminent action — God Himself is the one causing this event.
4. עָלֶיךָ (ʿalekha) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition עַל + suffix 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “upon you”; Notes: Denotes direction of judgment or calamity.
5. זָרִים (zarim) – Root: זר (zar); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “foreigners”; Notes: Refers to invading peoples — those outside the covenant community.
6. עָרִיצֵי (ʿaritsei) – Root: ערץ (ʿarats); Form: Construct plural masculine adjective; Translation: “the ruthless of”; Notes: Denotes those who are violent, terrible, or oppressive — emphasizing cruelty of the nations.
7. גֹּויִם (goyim) – Root: גוי (goy); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “nations”; Notes: Represents Gentile powers as instruments of divine retribution.
8. וְהֵרִיקוּ (ve-heriku) – Root: ריק (riq); Form: Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine plural with conjunction; Translation: “and they shall draw out”; Notes: Literally “empty” or “pour out,” here idiomatically used of drawing swords from their sheaths.
9. חַרְבֹותָם (ḥarbōtam) – Root: חרב (ḥerev); Form: Noun feminine plural + suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “their swords”; Notes: Denotes weaponry as the means of judgment.
10. עַל־יְפִי (ʿal-yefi) – Root: יפה (yafeh); Form: Preposition עַל + noun masculine singular construct; Translation: “against the beauty of”; Notes: The phrase targets what the ruler prized most — his aesthetic and intellectual brilliance.
11. חָכְמָתֶךָ (ḥokhmatkha) – Root: חכמה (ḥokhmah); Form: Noun feminine singular construct + suffix 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “your wisdom”; Notes: Refers to skill, insight, or intelligence — here used ironically as the object of destruction.
12. וְחִלְּלוּ (ve-ḥillelu) – Root: חלל (ḥalal); Form: Piel perfect 3rd person masculine plural with conjunction; Translation: “and they shall profane”; Notes: The Piel form intensifies the action — desecration of something considered sacred or noble.
13. יִפְעָתֶךָ (yifʿatekha) – Root: יפע (yafaʿ); Form: Noun feminine singular + suffix 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “your splendor”; Notes: Refers to outward brilliance, majesty, or glory — symbolizing the pride of Tyre’s ruler now subject to defilement.