Ezekiel 35:3

וְאָמַ֣רְתָּ לֹּ֗ו כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה הִנְנִ֥י אֵלֶ֖יךָ הַר־שֵׂעִ֑יר וְנָטִ֤יתִי יָדִי֙ עָלֶ֔יךָ וּנְתַתִּ֖יךָ שְׁמָמָ֥ה וּמְשַׁמָּֽה׃

and you shall say to it, ‘Thus says the Lord YHWH: “Behold, I am against you, Mount Seʿir, and I will stretch out My hand against you, and I will make you a desolation and a waste.

Morphology

1. וְאָמַרְתָּ (veʾamarta) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “and you shall say”; Notes: A divine command to the prophet introducing YHWH’s oracle.
2. לֹּו (lo) – Root: ל (lamed); Form: Preposition לְ + suffix 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “to it”; Notes: Refers to Mount Seʿir, the subject of prophetic address.
3. כֹּה (koh) – Root: כה (koh); Form: Adverb; Translation: “thus”; Notes: Standard formula introducing divine speech in prophetic proclamations.
4. אָמַר (ʾamar) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “said”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s declaration being quoted by the prophet.
5. אֲדֹנָי (ʾadonai) – Root: אדן (ʾadon); Form: Noun masculine plural with 1st person singular possessive, used as divine title; Translation: “the Lord”; Notes: Denotes authority and mastery, used reverently for YHWH.
6. יְהוִה (YHWH) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Proper divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name of God, underscoring divine authority in judgment.
7. הִנְנִי (hineni) – Root: הן (hen); Form: Interjection + pronoun 1st person singular; Translation: “Behold, I”; Notes: Introduces a solemn divine declaration emphasizing YHWH’s direct involvement.
8. אֵלֶיךָ (ʾeilekha) – Root: אל (ʾel); Form: Preposition אֶל + suffix 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “against you”; Notes: Indicates opposition, announcing divine confrontation with Mount Seʿir.
9. הַר (har) – Root: הר (har); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “mountain”; Notes: Refers to the mountainous region identified as Seʿir, representing Edom.
10. שֵׂעִיר (Seʿir) – Root: שׂער (saʿar); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Seʿir”; Notes: Geographic name referring to the mountainous homeland of Edom, symbolic of hostility toward Yisraʾel.
11. וְנָטִיתִי (ve-natiti) – Root: נטה (natah); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “and I will stretch out”; Notes: Indicates divine action of judgment—YHWH extending His power or hand against the guilty.
12. יָדִי (yadi) – Root: יד (yad); Form: Noun feminine singular + suffix 1st person singular; Translation: “My hand”; Notes: Symbol of divine power, authority, and execution of judgment.
13. עָלֶיךָ (ʿalekha) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition עַל + suffix 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “upon you” or “against you”; Notes: Reiterates the direction of YHWH’s judgment toward Mount Seʿir.
14. וּנְתַתִּיךָ (u-netattikha) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 1st person singular + suffix 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “and I will make you”; Notes: Used causatively, indicating transformation into a state of ruin.
15. שְׁמָמָה (shemamah) – Root: שׁמם (shamam); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “desolation”; Notes: Denotes a state of utter ruin and abandonment due to divine judgment.
16. וּמְשַׁמָּה (u-meshammah) – Root: שׁמם (shamam); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun feminine singular intensive form; Translation: “and a waste”; Notes: The repetition strengthens the totality of destruction—emphasizing complete devastation.