Ezekiel 35:13

וַתַּגְדִּ֤ילוּ עָלַי֙ בְּפִיכֶ֔ם וְהַעְתַּרְתֶּ֥ם עָלַ֖י דִּבְרֵיכֶ֑ם אֲנִ֖י שָׁמָֽעְתִּי׃ ס

And you magnified yourselves against Me with your mouth, and multiplied your words against Me; I have heard it.”

Morphology

1. וַתַּגְדִּילוּ (va-tagdilu) – Root: גדל (gadal); Form: Conjunction וַ + Piel wayyiqtol (narrative past) 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “and you magnified yourselves”; Notes: The Piel stem intensifies the action—Edom exalted itself arrogantly against YHWH.
2. עָלַי (ʿalay) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition עַל + suffix 1st person singular; Translation: “against Me”; Notes: Indicates direct opposition or hostility toward YHWH Himself.
3. בְּפִיכֶם (be-fikhem) – Root: פה (peh); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular construct + suffix 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “with your mouth”; Notes: Expresses the instrument of arrogance—speech directed against God.
4. וְהַעְתַּרְתֶּם (ve-haʿtartem) – Root: עתר (ʿatar); Form: Conjunction וְ + Hiphil perfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “and you multiplied”; Notes: The causative Hiphil denotes “to increase” or “heap up”; here, multiplying blasphemous words.
5. עָלַי (ʿalay) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition עַל + suffix 1st person singular; Translation: “against Me”; Notes: Repetition emphasizes direct defiance of YHWH.
6. דִּבְרֵיכֶם (divreikhem) – Root: דבר (davar); Form: Noun masculine plural construct + suffix 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “your words”; Notes: Represents the spoken arrogance or blasphemies uttered against YHWH.
7. אֲנִי (ʾani) – Root: אני (ʾani); Form: Independent pronoun 1st person singular; Translation: “I”; Notes: Stresses YHWH’s personal awareness and authority.
8. שָׁמָעְתִּי (shamaʿti) – Root: שׁמע (shamaʿ); Form: Qal perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “have heard”; Notes: YHWH declares that none of the arrogant speech has escaped His notice, reinforcing divine omniscience.
9. ס (samekh) – Form: Masoretic note for a setumah (closed paragraph); Translation: [no translation]; Notes: Marks the end of a thematic section in the Hebrew text.