כֹּ֥ה אָמַ֖ר אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֑ה כִּשְׂמֹ֨חַ֙ כָּל־הָאָ֔רֶץ שְׁמָמָ֖ה אֶעֱשֶׂה־לָּֽךְ׃
Thus says the Lord YHWH: “As the whole earth rejoices, I will make you a desolation.
Morphology
- כֹּה (koh) – Root: כה (koh); Form: Adverb; Translation: “thus”; Notes: Standard prophetic formula introducing a divine declaration.
- אָמַר (ʾamar) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “has said”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s authoritative proclamation through the prophet.
- אֲדֹנָי (ʾadonay) – Root: אדן (ʾadon); Form: Noun masculine plural of majesty; Translation: “my Lord”; Notes: Title denoting divine sovereignty.
- יְהוִה (YHWH) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Proper divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name emphasizing divine justice and authority.
- כִּשְׂמֹחַ (ki-smoaḥ) – Root: שׂמח (samaḥ); Form: Conjunction כִּ + infinitive construct; Translation: “as rejoicing”; Notes: The comparison links Edom’s downfall to the time of universal joy—it will suffer when others rejoice.
- כָּל־הָאָרֶץ (kol-haʾarets) – Root: ארץ (ʾerets); Form: Noun masculine singular construct + definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the whole earth”; Notes: Refers broadly to all lands or nations, possibly those who rejoiced at Yisraʾel’s restoration.
- שְׁמָמָה (shemamah) – Root: שׁמם (shamam); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “a desolation”; Notes: Denotes utter ruin and emptiness—a recurring theme in YHWH’s judgment on Edom.
- אֶעֱשֶׂה (eʿeseh) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Qal imperfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I will make”; Notes: Indicates YHWH’s future decisive action of transforming Edom’s land into desolation.
- לָּךְ (lakh) – Root: ל (lamed); Form: Preposition לְ + suffix 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “for you” or “to you”; Notes: Directly addresses Edom (personified as feminine)—YHWH’s judgment is personal and specific.