כְּשִׂמְחָ֨תְךָ֜ לְנַחְלַ֧ת בֵּֽית־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל עַ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־שָׁמֵ֖מָה כֵּ֣ן אֶעֱשֶׂה־לָּ֑ךְ שְׁמָמָ֨ה תִֽהְיֶ֤ה הַר־שֵׂעִיר֙ וְכָל־אֱדֹ֣ום כֻּלָּ֔הּ וְיָדְע֖וּ כִּֽי־אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה׃ פ
As you rejoiced over the inheritance of the house of Yisraʾel because it was desolate, so will I do to you; a desolation you shall be, Mount Seʿir, and all of Edom, all of it. And they shall know that I am YHWH.”’
Morphology
- כְּשִׂמְחָתְךָ (ke-simḥatka) – Root: שׂמח (samaḥ); Form: Preposition כְּ + noun feminine singular construct + suffix 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “as your rejoicing”; Notes: Compares Edom’s malicious joy over Yisraʾel’s ruin to the joy that will be reversed upon them.
- לְנַחְלַת (le-naḥlat) – Root: נחל (naḥal); Form: Preposition לְ + noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “over the inheritance of”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s land given to the house of Yisraʾel as their possession.
- בֵּית־יִשְׂרָאֵל (beit-Yisraʾel) – Root: בית (bayit); Form: Noun masculine singular construct + proper noun; Translation: “the house of Yisraʾel”; Notes: Represents the covenant people of YHWH collectively.
- עַל (ʿal) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition; Translation: “because of” or “over”; Notes: Introduces the cause of Edom’s joy—Yisraʾel’s devastation.
- אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “because”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause—“because it was desolate.”
- שָׁמֵמָה (shamemah) – Root: שׁמם (shamam); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “it was desolate”; Notes: Refers to the ruin of Yisraʾel’s land which became a source of Edom’s mockery.
- כֵּן (ken) – Root: כן (ken); Form: Adverb; Translation: “so” or “thus”; Notes: Indicates reciprocal justice—Edom will receive the same fate it celebrated.
- אֶעֱשֶׂה (eʿeseh) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Qal imperfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I will do”; Notes: YHWH declares His intent to execute just retribution.
- לָּךְ (lakh) – Root: ל (lamed); Form: Preposition לְ + suffix 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “to you” or “for you”; Notes: Addressed to Edom (personified in the feminine) as the direct recipient of divine punishment.
- שְׁמָמָה (shemamah) – Root: שׁמם (shamam); Form: Noun feminine singular; Translation: “a desolation”; Notes: Emphasizes complete ruin—parallel to Yisraʾel’s earlier devastation.
- תִּהְיֶה (tihyeh) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “you shall be”; Notes: Agreement in gender with הַר־שֵׂעִיר personified as feminine—Edom’s total destruction foretold.
- הַר־שֵׂעִיר (har-Seʿir) – Root: הר (har); Form: Noun masculine singular construct + proper noun; Translation: “Mount Seʿir”; Notes: Symbol of Edom and its national pride—now reduced to wasteland.
- וְכָל־אֱדֹום (ve-khol-Edom) – Root: אדום (ʾedom); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine singular construct + proper noun; Translation: “and all of Edom”; Notes: Extends the judgment beyond Mount Seʿir to encompass the entire nation.
- כֻּלָּהּ (kullah) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun masculine singular + suffix 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “all of it”; Notes: Reinforces the totality of Edom’s devastation—no part left untouched.
- וְיָדְעוּ (ve-yadʿu) – Root: ידע (yadaʿ); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they shall know”; Notes: Marks the result of divine judgment—recognition of YHWH’s sovereignty by all nations.
- כִּי (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces the content of the recognition clause.
- אֲנִי (ʾani) – Root: אני (ʾani); Form: Independent pronoun 1st person singular; Translation: “I”; Notes: Emphasizes divine self-revelation through judgment.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Proper divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant God, whose justice and sovereignty are universally revealed through His acts of judgment.
- פ (peh) – Form: Masoretic note for an open paragraph (petuhah); Translation: [no translation]; Notes: Marks the end of a literary unit in the Hebrew text.