וָאָפִ֤יץ אֹתָם֙ בַּגֹּויִ֔ם וַיִּזָּר֖וּ בָּאֲרָצֹ֑ות כְּדַרְכָּ֥ם וְכַעֲלִילֹותָ֖ם שְׁפַטְתִּֽים׃
And I scattered them among the nations, and they were dispersed through the lands; according to their way and according to their deeds I judged them.
Morphology
- וָאָפִיץ (va-ʾafits) – Root: פוץ (puts); Form: Conjunction וְ + Hiphil imperfect (converted) 1st person singular; Translation: “And I scattered”; Notes: Causative form—YHWH disperses His people as judgment for their sins.
- אֹתָם (otam) – Root: —; Form: Direct object marker אֵת + suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “them”; Notes: Refers to the house of Yisraʾel, the subject of dispersion.
- בַּגֹּויִם (ba-goyim) – Root: גוי (goy); Form: Preposition בְּ + definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “among the nations”; Notes: Refers to foreign nations where Yisraʾel was exiled.
- וַיִּזָּרוּ (va-yizzaru) – Root: זרה (zarah); Form: Conjunction וְ + Niphal wayyiqtol (narrative past) 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they were dispersed”; Notes: Passive form emphasizing their scattering as a divine consequence.
- בָּאֲרָצוֹת (ba-aratsot) – Root: ארץ (ʾerets); Form: Preposition בְּ + definite noun feminine plural; Translation: “through the lands”; Notes: Refers to multiple regions or territories where they were exiled.
- כְּדַרְכָּם (ke-darkam) – Root: דרך (derekh); Form: Preposition כְּ + noun masculine singular construct + suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “according to their way”; Notes: Refers to their manner of life or behavior as the measure of judgment.
- וְכַעֲלִילוֹתָם (ve-khaʿalilotam) – Root: עלל (ʿalal); Form: Conjunction וְ + preposition כְּ + noun feminine plural + suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and according to their deeds”; Notes: Refers to their evil acts—divine justice measured by moral conduct.
- שְׁפַטְתִּים (shefatim) – Root: שׁפט (shafat); Form: Qal perfect 1st person singular + suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “I judged them”; Notes: Expresses YHWH’s execution of righteous judgment based on their actions.