Ezekiel 36:31

וּזְכַרְתֶּם֙ אֶת־דַּרְכֵיכֶ֣ם הָרָעִ֔ים וּמַעַלְלֵיכֶ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽא־טֹובִ֑ים וּנְקֹֽטֹתֶם֙ בִּפְנֵיכֶ֔ם עַ֚ל עֲוֹנֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם וְעַ֖ל תֹּועֲבֹֽותֵיכֶֽם׃

And you shall remember your evil ways and your deeds that were not good, and you shall loathe yourselves in your own sight because of your iniquities and because of your abominations.

Morphology

1. וּזְכַרְתֶּם (u-zkhartem) – Root: זכר (zakhar); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “and you shall remember”; Notes: Indicates an act of reflection—Israel’s recollection of its sinful past as part of repentance.
2. אֶת־ (ʾet) – Root: —; Form: Direct object marker; Translation: —; Notes: Introduces the object “your evil ways.”
3. דַּרְכֵיכֶם (darkekhem) – Root: דרך (derekh); Form: Noun masculine plural construct + suffix 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “your ways”; Notes: Refers to patterns of conduct or behavior, often ethical or moral paths in Hebrew thought.
4. הָרָעִים (ha-raʿim) – Root: רעע (raʿaʿ); Form: Definite adjective masculine plural; Translation: “the evil”; Notes: Qualifies the “ways,” emphasizing moral corruption and rebellion against YHWH.
5. וּמַעַלְלֵיכֶם (u-maʿallekhem) – Root: עלל (ʿalal); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun masculine plural + suffix 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “and your deeds”; Notes: Denotes actions or practices, often with a negative connotation of wicked deeds.
6. אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Root: —; Form: Relative particle; Translation: “that” or “which”; Notes: Connects “deeds” with their moral description that follows.
7. לֹא־טֹובִים (lo-tovim) – Root: טוב (tov); Form: Negative particle לֹא + adjective masculine plural; Translation: “were not good”; Notes: A moral assessment of Israel’s behavior—evil and contrary to divine standards.
8. וּנְקֹטֹתֶם (u-neqototem) – Root: נקט (naqṭ); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “and you shall loathe”; Notes: Denotes emotional revulsion or self-disgust; repentance involving deep remorse for sin.
9. בִּפְנֵיכֶם (bifneikhem) – Root: פנה (panah); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine plural construct + suffix 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “in your own sight”; Notes: Literally “before your faces”; expresses personal recognition and shame before oneself and YHWH.
10. עַל (ʿal) – Root: —; Form: Preposition; Translation: “because of”; Notes: Indicates the cause of Israel’s loathing—its sins and abominations.
11. עֲוֹנֹתֵיכֶם (ʿavonotekhem) – Root: עון (ʿavon); Form: Noun masculine plural + suffix 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “your iniquities”; Notes: Refers to guilt and moral perversion, often carrying the idea of culpability deserving punishment.
12. וְעַל (ve-ʿal) – Root: —; Form: Conjunction וְ + preposition עַל; Translation: “and because of”; Notes: Extends the reason for remorse to include another category—abominations.
13. תֹּועֲבֹתֵיכֶם (toʿavotekhem) – Root: תועבה (toʿevah); Form: Noun feminine plural + suffix 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “your abominations”; Notes: Refers to detestable acts, particularly idolatry and moral corruption offensive to YHWH.