וְיָדְע֣וּ הַגֹּויִ֗ם אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִֽשָּׁאֲרוּ֮ סְבִיבֹותֵיכֶם֒ כִּ֣י אֲנִ֣י יְהוָ֗ה בָּנִ֨יתִי֙ הַנֶּ֣הֱרָסֹ֔ות נָטַ֖עְתִּי הַנְּשַׁמָּ֑ה אֲנִ֥י יְהוָ֖ה דִּבַּ֥רְתִּי וְעָשִֽׂיתִי׃ ס
And the nations that remain around you shall know that I, YHWH, have built the ruined places and planted the desolate land. I, YHWH, have spoken, and I have done it.”
Morphology
- וְיָדְעוּ (ve-yadʿu) – Root: ידע (yadaʿ); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 3rd person plural; Translation: “And they shall know”; Notes: Expresses recognition by foreign nations of YHWH’s restorative power.
- הַגֹּויִם (ha-goyim) – Root: גוי (goy); Form: Definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “the nations”; Notes: Refers to surrounding peoples—those observing Yisraʾel’s restoration.
- אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Root: —; Form: Relative particle; Translation: “that” or “who”; Notes: Connects the nations with their described state of survival.
- יִשָּׁאֲרוּ (yishaʾaru) – Root: שׁאר (shaʾar); Form: Nifal imperfect 3rd person plural; Translation: “remain” or “are left”; Notes: Indicates those nations surviving divine judgment and witnessing restoration.
- סְבִיבֹותֵיכֶם (sevivotekhem) – Root: סביב (saviv); Form: Noun feminine plural + suffix 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “around you”; Notes: Locative expression identifying nations surrounding Yisraʾel geographically and politically.
- כִּי (ki) – Root: —; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “that” or “because”; Notes: Introduces the divine declaration emphasizing YHWH’s actions as the reason for recognition.
- אֲנִי (ʾani) – Root: —; Form: Independent pronoun 1st person singular; Translation: “I”; Notes: Stresses divine agency—YHWH alone as the restorer.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Proper divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenantal name of God, underscoring divine initiative and sovereignty.
- בָּנִיתִי (baniti) – Root: בנה (banah); Form: Qal perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I have built”; Notes: Signifies YHWH’s direct involvement in reconstruction of devastated areas.
- הַנֶּהֱרָסֹות (ha-nehersot) – Root: הרס (haras); Form: Definite noun feminine plural (Nifal participle); Translation: “the ruined places”; Notes: Refers to destroyed cities or regions—now rebuilt by divine decree.
- נָטַעְתִּי (nataʿti) – Root: נטע (nataʿ); Form: Qal perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I have planted”; Notes: Expresses agricultural renewal—YHWH restores the fertility of the land.
- הַנְּשַׁמָּה (ha-neshamah) – Root: שׁמם (shamam); Form: Definite adjective feminine singular; Translation: “the desolate”; Notes: Describes previously barren land now restored to life and productivity.
- אֲנִי (ʾani) – Root: —; Form: Independent pronoun 1st person singular; Translation: “I”; Notes: Repetition reinforces divine authorship and reliability.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Proper divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Repeated for emphasis—YHWH alone is responsible for both decree and fulfillment.
- דִּבַּרְתִּי (dibarti) – Root: דבר (dabar); Form: Piel perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I have spoken”; Notes: Intensive form signifying authoritative, effectual divine speech.
- וְעָשִׂיתִי (ve-ʿasiti) – Root: עשה (ʿasah); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “and I have done”; Notes: Highlights divine faithfulness—what YHWH declares, He accomplishes.