Ezekiel 36:35

וְאָמְר֗וּ הָאָ֤רֶץ הַלֵּ֨זוּ֙ הַנְּשַׁמָּ֔ה הָיְתָ֖ה כְּגַן־עֵ֑דֶן וְהֶעָרִ֧ים הֶחֳרֵבֹ֛ות וְהַֽנְשַׁמֹּ֥ות וְהַנֶּהֱרָסֹ֖ות בְּצוּרֹ֥ות יָשָֽׁבוּ׃

And they shall say, ‘This desolate land has become like the garden of ʿEden, and the ruined, desolate, and destroyed cities are fortified and inhabited.’

Morphology

1. וְאָמְרוּ (veʾamru) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 3rd person plural; Translation: “And they shall say”; Notes: Indicates the future testimony of observers recognizing YHWH’s restoration.
2. הָאָרֶץ (haʾarets) – Root: ארץ (ʾerets); Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the land”; Notes: Refers to the land of Yisraʾel, formerly barren but now transformed.
3. הַלֵּזוּ (hallezu) – Root: —; Form: Definite article הַ + demonstrative feminine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Emphasizes the specific land now visibly renewed.
4. הַנְּשַׁמָּה (ha-neshamah) – Root: שׁמם (shamam); Form: Definite adjective feminine singular (passive participle); Translation: “the desolate”; Notes: Describes the land’s former devastation, now reversed by divine action.
5. הָיְתָה (hayetah) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “was” or “has become”; Notes: Indicates a state change—the transformation of desolation into abundance.
6. כְּגַן־עֵדֶן (ke-gan ʿeden) – Root: גן (gan), עדן (ʿeden); Form: Preposition כְּ + construct noun masculine singular + proper noun; Translation: “like the garden of ʿEden”; Notes: Symbol of paradise and divine blessing—ultimate fertility and beauty restored.
7. וְהֶעָרִים (ve-heʿarim) – Root: עיר (ʿir); Form: Conjunction וְ + definite noun feminine plural; Translation: “and the cities”; Notes: Refers to previously devastated urban centers of Yisraʾel.
8. הֶחֳרֵבֹות (he-ḥorevot) – Root: חרב (ḥarav); Form: Definite noun feminine plural; Translation: “the ruined”; Notes: Describes cities destroyed by war or abandonment.
9. וְהַנְּשַׁמֹּות (ve-ha-neshamot) – Root: שׁמם (shamam); Form: Conjunction וְ + definite noun feminine plural; Translation: “and the desolate”; Notes: Highlights the complete emptiness of once-thriving settlements.
10. וְהַנֶּהֱרָסֹות (ve-ha-nehersot) – Root: הרס (haras); Form: Conjunction וְ + definite noun feminine plural (Nifal participle); Translation: “and the destroyed”; Notes: Emphasizes total ruin, now reversed through rebuilding.
11. בְּצוּרֹות (be-tsurot) – Root: צור (tsur); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun feminine plural; Translation: “fortified”; Notes: Indicates strength and security—rebuilt cities are now protected and established.
12. יָשָׁבוּ (yashavu) – Root: ישׁב (yashav); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person plural; Translation: “they are inhabited” or “they dwell”; Notes: Describes renewed settlement and habitation as the final mark of restoration.