Ezekiel 38:8

מִיָּמִ֣ים רַבִּים֮ תִּפָּקֵד֒ בְּאַחֲרִ֨ית הַשָּׁנִ֜ים תָּבֹ֣וא אֶל־אֶ֣רֶץ מְשֹׁובֶ֣בֶת מֵחֶ֗רֶב מְקֻבֶּ֨צֶת֙ מֵעַמִּ֣ים רַבִּ֔ים עַ֚ל הָרֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֲשֶׁר־הָי֥וּ לְחָרְבָּ֖ה תָּמִ֑יד וְהִיא֙ מֵעַמִּ֣ים הוּצָ֔אָה וְיָשְׁב֥וּ לָבֶ֖טַח כֻּלָּֽם׃

After many days you shall be visited; in the latter years you shall come into a land restored from the sword, gathered from many peoples, upon the mountains of Yisraʾel which had been a continual waste; but it has been brought out from the peoples, and they dwell securely, all of them.

Morphology

1. מִיָּמִים (mi-yamim) – Root: יום (yom); Form: Preposition מִן + noun masculine plural; Translation: “from days”; Notes: Idiomatic expression introducing a long duration of time — “after many days.”
2. רַבִּים (rabbim) – Root: רבב (ravav); Form: Adjective masculine plural; Translation: “many”; Notes: Qualifies “days,” emphasizing the extended passage of time before the prophesied event.
3. תִּפָּקֵד (tipaqed) – Root: פקד (paqad); Form: Niphal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you shall be visited” or “appointed”; Notes: Niphal often indicates divine oversight or intervention; here it implies Gog’s summoning for judgment or destiny.
4. בְּאַחֲרִית (be-aḥarit) – Root: אחר (ʾaḥar); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “in the latter”; Notes: Common prophetic term denoting the end times or final period of history.
5. הַשָּׁנִים (ha-shanim) – Root: שׁנה (shanah); Form: Definite noun feminine plural; Translation: “the years”; Notes: Specifies the eschatological timeframe — “in the latter years.”
6. תָּבֹוא (tavo) – Root: בוא (bo); Form: Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you shall come”; Notes: Predicts Gog’s future invasion of the land of Yisraʾel.
7. אֶל־אֶרֶץ (el-erets) – Root: ארץ (ʾerets); Form: Preposition אֶל + noun feminine singular; Translation: “into a land”; Notes: Marks direction or destination — Gog’s entry into the territory of Yisraʾel.
8. מְשֹׁובֶבֶת (meshovevet) – Root: שׁוב (shuv); Form: Pual participle feminine singular; Translation: “restored”; Notes: Describes the land’s renewal from desolation or captivity — “a land restored from the sword.”
9. מֵחֶרֶב (me-ḥerev) – Root: חרב (ḥerev); Form: Preposition מִן + noun feminine singular; Translation: “from the sword”; Notes: Expresses deliverance or recovery from war and destruction.
10. מְקֻבֶּצֶת (mekubbetset) – Root: קבץ (qavats); Form: Pual participle feminine singular; Translation: “gathered”; Notes: Passive participle — the land’s inhabitants are gathered by divine action.
11. מֵעַמִּים (me-ʿammim) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Preposition מִן + noun masculine plural; Translation: “from peoples”; Notes: Refers to the return of Yisraʾel from many nations among whom they were scattered.
12. רַבִּים (rabbim) – Root: רבב (ravav); Form: Adjective masculine plural; Translation: “many”; Notes: Emphasizes the multitude of nations contributing to the return.
13. עַל (ʿal) – Root: —; Form: Preposition; Translation: “upon”; Notes: Introduces the location of Gog’s approach.
14. הָרֵי (harei) – Root: הר (har); Form: Noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “the mountains of”; Notes: Refers to the highlands of Yisraʾel — the symbolic heartland of the nation.
15. יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: The covenant people and their land, focus of prophetic fulfillment.
16. אֲשֶׁר־הָיוּ (asher-hayu) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Relative pronoun + Qal perfect 3rd person plural; Translation: “which had been”; Notes: Refers back to the mountains that were long desolate.
17. לְחָרְבָּה (le-ḥorbah) – Root: חרב (ḥarav); Form: Preposition לְ + noun feminine singular; Translation: “for desolation”; Notes: Indicates a state of ruin or devastation.
18. תָּמִיד (tamid) – Root: תמד (tamad); Form: Adverb; Translation: “continually”; Notes: Describes the unbroken duration of the land’s previous desolation.
19. וְהִיא (ve-hi) – Root: —; Form: Conjunction וְ + pronoun feminine singular; Translation: “and she” or “but she”; Notes: The land personified as feminine; marks contrast with former ruin.
20. מֵעַמִּים (me-ʿammim) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Preposition מִן + noun masculine plural; Translation: “from the peoples”; Notes: Indicates the land’s inhabitants being drawn from various nations.
21. הוּצָאָה (hutsaʾah) – Root: יצא (yatsaʾ); Form: Hophʿal perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “has been brought out”; Notes: Passive voice of divine deliverance or restoration.
22. וְיָשְׁבוּ (ve-yashvu) – Root: ישׁב (yashav); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 3rd person plural; Translation: “and they dwell”; Notes: Expresses settled habitation following exile.
23. לָבֶטַח (la-vetakh) – Root: בטח (bataḥ); Form: Preposition לְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “in security”; Notes: Depicts a state of peace and confidence under divine protection.
24. כֻּלָּם (kullam) – Root: כל (kol); Form: Noun masculine singular with suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “all of them”; Notes: Indicates the entire population of restored Yisraʾel living securely.