הֹ֧וי חֹֽשְׁבֵי־אָ֛וֶן וּפֹ֥עֲלֵי רָ֖ע עַל־מִשְׁכְּבֹותָ֑ם בְּאֹ֤ור הַבֹּ֨קֶר֙ יַעֲשׂ֔וּהָ כִּ֥י יֶשׁ־לְאֵ֖ל יָדָֽם׃
Woe to those who devise iniquity and workers of evil upon their beds in the light of the morning they do it for it is in the power of their hand.
Morphology
- הֹוי (hoy) – Root: הוי (hoy); Form: Interjection; Translation: “Woe”; Notes: A prophetic cry of lament or judgment.
- חֹשְׁבֵי (ḥoshevei) – Root: חשב (ḥashav); Form: Qal participle masculine plural construct; Translation: “those who devise”; Notes: Describes deliberate planning of wrongdoing.
- אָוֶן (ʾaven) – Root: און (ʾaven); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “iniquity”; Notes: Conveys evil intent, mischief, or wickedness.
- וּפֹעֲלֵי (u-foʿalei) – Root: פעל (paʿal); Form: Conjunction + Qal participle masculine plural construct; Translation: “and workers of”; Notes: Highlights active performance of evil deeds.
- רָע (raʿ) – Root: רעע (raʿaʿ); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “evil”; Notes: General term for harm, wickedness, wrongdoing.
- עַל־ (ʿal) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition עַל; Translation: “upon”; Notes: Indicates location of their plotting.
- מִשְׁכְּבֹותָם (mishk’votam) – Root: שׁכב (shakhav); Form: Noun masculine plural with suffix 3mp; Translation: “their beds”; Notes: Planning evil even during rest.
- בְּאֹור (be-or) – Root: אור (ʾor); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “in the light of”; Notes: Contrasts night plotting with morning action.
- הַבֹּקֶר (ha-boqer) – Root: בקר (boqar); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the morning”; Notes: Time of carrying out evil schemes.
- יַעֲשׂוּהָ (yaʿasuha) – Root: עשׂה (ʿasah); Form: Qal imperfect 3mp + suffix 3fs; Translation: “they do it”; Notes: “It” refers to the evil planned during the night.
- כִּי (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces the reason behind their boldness.
- יֶשׁ (yesh) – Root: existence particle; Form: Existential particle; Translation: “there is”; Notes: Indicates availability of power or ability.
- לְאֵל (le-el) – Root: אל (ʾel, “strength”); Form: Preposition לְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “to the strength of”; Notes: Idiomatically means “it is in the power of.”
- יָדָם (yadam) – Root: יד (yad); Form: Noun feminine singular with suffix 3mp; Translation: “their hand”; Notes: “Hand” symbolizes power, authority, or capability.