כִּ֣י שָׁ֤ב יְהוָה֙ אֶת־גְּאֹ֣ון יַעֲקֹ֔ב כִּגְאֹ֖ון יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל כִּ֤י בְקָקוּם֙ בֹּֽקְקִ֔ים וּזְמֹרֵיהֶ֖ם שִׁחֵֽתוּ׃
For YHWH has restored the majesty of Yaʿaqov as the majesty of Yisraʾel, for the emptiers have emptied them and their branches they have ruined.
Morphology
- כִּי (ki) — Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces the reason for the restoration.
- שָׁב (shav) — Root: שוב (shuv); Form: Qal perfect 3ms; Translation: “has restored / has returned”; Notes: Indicates completed action by YHWH.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) — Root: הוה (havah); Form: Proper divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Covenant name of the God of Yisraʾel.
- אֶת (ʾet) — Root: את (ʾet); Form: Object marker; Translation: (no direct English); Notes: Marks the definite direct object.
- גְּאֹון (geʾon) — Root: גאון (gaʾon); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “majesty / pride”; Notes: Refers to honor and dignity.
- יַעֲקֹב (Yaʿaqov) — Root: עקב (ʿaqav); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yaʿaqov”; Notes: Represents the people descended from Yaʿaqov.
- כִּגְאֹון (ki-geʾon) — Root: גאון (gaʾon); Form: Conjunction כִּ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “as the majesty of”; Notes: כִּ indicates comparison.
- יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisraʾel) — Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisraʾel”; Notes: Parallel to Yaʿaqov.
- כִּי (ki) — Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces the cause of their former loss.
- בְקָקוּם (beqaqum) — Root: בקק (baqaq); Form: Qal perfect 3cp + suffix 3mp; Translation: “they have emptied them”; Notes: Violent stripping or plundering.
- בֹּקְקִים (boqeqim) — Root: בקק (baqaq); Form: Qal participle masculine plural; Translation: “the emptiers”; Notes: Describes invaders as those who devastate.
- וּ (u) — Root: ו (vav); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “and”; Notes: Connects two related destructive actions.
- זְמֹרֵיהֶם (zemorehem) — Root: זמר (zamar); Form: Noun masculine plural construct + suffix 3mp; Translation: “their branches”; Notes: Branches symbolizing strength or offspring.
- שִׁחֵתוּ (shiḥetu) — Root: שחת (shaḥat); Form: Piel perfect 3cp; Translation: “they have ruined”; Notes: Piel intensifies destruction.