כִּ֣י כֹ֣ה אָמַר֮ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָאֹות֒ אַחַ֣ר כָּבֹ֔וד שְׁלָחַ֕נִי אֶל־הַגֹּויִ֖ם הַשֹּׁלְלִ֣ים אֶתְכֶ֑ם כִּ֚י הַנֹּגֵ֣עַ בָּכֶ֔ם נֹגֵ֖עַ בְּבָבַ֥ת עֵינֹֽו׃
For thus said YHWH of Hosts: “After glory he has sent me to the nations who plunder you, for the one touching you is touching the pupil of His eye.
Morphology
- כִּי (ki) — Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “For”; Notes: Introduces the divine statement.
- כֹה (koh) — Root: כה (koh); Form: Adverb; Translation: “thus”; Notes: Prophetic formula.
- אָמַר (amar) — Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal perfect 3ms; Translation: “said”; Notes: Formula introducing divine speech.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) — Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Speaker of the oracle.
- צְבָאֹות (tsevaʾot) — Root: צבא (tsavaʾ); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “of hosts”; Notes: Military/celestial title of YHWH.
- אַחַר (aḥar) — Root: אחר (aḥar); Form: Preposition; Translation: “after”; Notes: Marks sequence.
- כָּבוֹד (kavod) — Root: כבד (kaved); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “glory”; Notes: Likely refers to divine honor or presence.
- שְׁלָחַנִי (shelachani) — Root: שלח (shalach); Form: Qal perfect 3ms + suffix 1cs; Translation: “he sent me”; Notes: Speaker (messenger) sent by YHWH.
- אֶל־הַגֹּויִם (el-ha-goyim) — Root: גוי (goy); Form: Preposition אֶל + definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “to the nations”; Notes: Nations targeted for judgment.
- הַשֹּׁלְלִים (ha-sholelim) — Root: שלל (shalal); Form: Definite Qal participle masculine plural; Translation: “the ones plundering”; Notes: Ongoing action of hostile nations.
- אֶתְכֶם (etkhem) — Root: אתם (atem); Form: Object marker + suffix 2mp; Translation: “you”; Notes: Refers to the people of YHWH.
- כִּי (ki) — Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces reason.
- הַנֹּגֵעַ (ha-nogeaʿ) — Root: נגע (nagaʿ); Form: Definite Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “the one touching”; Notes: Serves as subject of the next verb.
- בָּכֶם (bakhem) — Root: ב (b) + כם (khem); Form: Preposition בְּ + suffix 2mp; Translation: “you”; Notes: YHWH’s people as the object of harm.
- נֹגֵעַ (nogeaʿ) — Root: נגע (nagaʿ); Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “touches”; Notes: Repetition for emphasis.
- בְּבָבַת (be-vavat) — Root: בבת (vavat); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun feminine singular construct; Translation: “the pupil of”; Notes: Metaphor of utmost tenderness and protection.
- עֵינֹו (einov) — Root: עין (ʿayin); Form: Noun feminine singular + suffix 3ms; Translation: “his eye”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s own eye—intimate imagery.