וְהָיָ֗ה כַּאֲשֶׁ֨ר יָרִ֥ים מֹשֶׁ֛ה יָדֹ֖ו וְגָבַ֣ר יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְכַאֲשֶׁ֥ר יָנִ֛יחַ יָדֹ֖ו וְגָבַ֥ר עֲמָלֵֽק׃
And it came to pass, when Moshe raised his hand, Yisra’el prevailed; but when he lowered his hand, ʿAmaleq prevailed.
Morphology
- וְהָיָ֗ה (vehayah) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And it came to pass”; Notes: Introduces the conditional event.
- כַּאֲשֶׁ֨ר (kaʾasher) – Root: N/A; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “When”; Notes: Marks the condition or circumstance.
- יָרִ֥ים (yarim) – Root: רום (r-w-m); Form: Verb, Hifil, Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “He raised”; Notes: Refers to Moshe’s action of lifting his hand.
- מֹשֶׁ֛ה (Moshe) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Moshe”; Notes: The subject of the action.
- יָדֹ֖ו (yado) – Root: יד (y-d); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct + 3ms suffix; Translation: “His hand”; Notes: The object lifted by Moshe.
- וְגָבַ֣ר (vegavar) – Root: גבר (g-b-r); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “Prevailed”; Notes: Describes Yisra’el’s success.
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (Yisra’el) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yisra’el”; Notes: Refers to the people of Yisra’el.
- וְכַאֲשֶׁ֥ר (vekaʾasher) – Root: N/A; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “But when”; Notes: Introduces the contrasting condition.
- יָנִ֛יחַ (yaniach) – Root: נוח (n-w-ḥ); Form: Verb, Hifil, Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “He lowered”; Notes: Refers to Moshe’s action of letting his hand down.
- יָדֹ֖ו (yado) – Root: יד (y-d); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct + 3ms suffix; Translation: “His hand”; Notes: The object that was lowered.
- וְגָבַ֥ר (vegavar) – Root: גבר (g-b-r); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “Prevailed”; Notes: Describes Amaleq’s success.
- עֲמָלֵֽק׃ (Amaleq) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Amaleq”; Notes: Refers to the opposing force.