רַ֞ק עֵ֣ץ אֲשֶׁר־תֵּדַ֗ע כִּֽי־לֹא־עֵ֤ץ מַאֲכָל֙ ה֔וּא אֹתֹ֥ו תַשְׁחִ֖ית וְכָרָ֑תָּ וּבָנִ֣יתָ מָצֹ֗ור עַל־הָעִיר֙ אֲשֶׁר־הִ֨וא עֹשָׂ֧ה עִמְּךָ֛ מִלְחָמָ֖ה עַ֥ד רִדְתָּֽהּ׃ פ
Only a tree that you know is not a tree for food—you may destroy it and cut it down, and you shall build a siegework against the city that is waging war with you, until it falls.
Morphology
- רַ֞ק (rak) – Root: רק (rak); Form: Adverb; Translation: “Only”; Notes: Restricts the statement that follows.
- עֵ֣ץ (etz) – Root: עץ (etz); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “tree”; Notes: Refers to a specific type of tree.
- אֲשֶׁר־תֵּדַ֗ע (asher-teda) – Root: ידע (yada); Form: Relative pronoun with Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “that you know”; Notes: Refers to the recognition of the tree type.
- כִּֽי־לֹא־עֵ֤ץ (ki-lo-etz) – Root: עץ (etz); Form: Conjunction with negative particle and noun; Translation: “that it is not a tree”; Notes: Introduces the condition.
- מַאֲכָל֙ (maʾakhal) – Root: אכל (achal); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “for food”; Notes: Indicates the tree’s purpose.
- ה֔וּא (hu) – Root: הוא (hu); Form: Pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “it”; Notes: Refers back to the tree.
- אֹתֹ֥ו (oto) – Root: את (et); Form: Direct object marker with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “it”; Notes: Marks the object of the action.
- תַשְׁחִ֖ית (tashchit) – Root: שחת (shachat); Form: Hifil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “you may destroy”; Notes: Permitted action.
- וְכָרָ֑תָּ (ve-karata) – Root: כרת (karat); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “and cut it down”; Notes: Sequential action.
- וּבָנִ֣יתָ (u-vanita) – Root: בנה (banah); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “and you shall build”; Notes: Indicates action of constructing.
- מָצֹ֗ור (matzor) – Root: מצר (matzor); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “a siegework”; Notes: Refers to a structure for the siege.
- עַל־הָעִיר֙ (al-haʿir) – Root: עיר (ir); Form: Preposition with noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “against the city”; Notes: Specifies the target.
- אֲשֶׁר־הִ֨וא (asher-hi) – Root: הוא (hu); Form: Relative pronoun with 3rd person feminine singular pronoun; Translation: “that it is”; Notes: Refers to the city.
- עֹשָׂ֧ה (osah) – Root: עשה (asah); Form: Qal participle feminine singular; Translation: “waging”; Notes: Describes the city’s action.
- עִמְּךָ֛ (immekha) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “with you”; Notes: Indicates the opposition.
- מִלְחָמָ֖ה (milchamah) – Root: לחם (lacham); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “war”; Notes: Specifies the type of action.
- עַ֥ד (ad) – Root: עד (ad); Form: Preposition; Translation: “until”; Notes: Marks the duration.
- רִדְתָּֽהּ (ridtah) – Root: ירד (yarad); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “it falls”; Notes: Refers to the city’s defeat.