וּמֹשֶׁ֣ה וְאַהֲרֹ֗ן עָשׂ֛וּ אֶת־כָּל־הַמֹּפְתִ֥ים הָאֵ֖לֶּה לִפְנֵ֣י פַרְעֹ֑ה וַיְחַזֵּ֤ק יְהוָה֙ אֶת־לֵ֣ב פַּרְעֹ֔ה וְלֹֽא־שִׁלַּ֥ח אֶת־בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מֵאַרְצֹֽו׃
And Moshe and Aharon did all these wonders before Parʿo, and YHWH hardened the heart of Parʿo, and he did not let the children of Yisra’el go out of his land.
Morphology
- וּמֹשֶׁ֣ה (uMoshe) – Root: N/A; Form: Conjunction + Proper noun; Translation: “And Moshe”; Notes: Refers to Moses, the leader of Yisra’el.
- וְאַהֲרֹ֗ן (veAharon) – Root: N/A; Form: Conjunction + Proper noun; Translation: “And Aharon”; Notes: Refers to Aaron, Moshe’s brother.
- עָשׂ֛וּ (ʿasu) – Root: עשה (ʿ-s-h); Form: Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3mp; Translation: “They did”; Notes: Refers to their actions performing the wonders.
- אֶת־כָּל־הַמֹּפְתִ֥ים (et-khol-hamofetim) – Root: מופת (m-w-p-t); Form: Direct object marker + Noun, masculine plural construct with definite article; Translation: “All the wonders”; Notes: Refers to the miraculous signs performed.
- הָאֵ֖לֶּה (haʾelleh) – Root: N/A; Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine plural with definite article; Translation: “These”; Notes: Specifies the wonders performed.
- לִפְנֵ֣י (lifnei) – Root: פנה (p-n-h); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “Before”; Notes: Indicates the location of the performance.
- פַרְעֹ֑ה (Parʿo) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Parʿo”; Notes: Refers to Pharaoh, the king of Egypt.
- וַיְחַזֵּ֤ק (vayeḥazzeq) – Root: חזק (ḥ-z-q); Form: Verb, Piel, Imperfect, 3ms with vav consecutive; Translation: “And He hardened”; Notes: Refers to YHWH strengthening or hardening Parʿo’s heart.
- יְהוָה֙ (YHWH) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name of God.
- אֶת־לֵ֣ב (et-lev) – Root: לב (l-v); Form: Direct object marker + Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “The heart of”; Notes: Refers to Parʿo’s inner disposition.
- פַּרְעֹ֔ה (Parʿo) – Root: N/A; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Parʿo”; Notes: Reiterates Pharaoh as the subject of the hardening.
- וְלֹֽא־שִׁלַּ֥ח (velo-shillaḥ) – Root: שלח (sh-l-ḥ); Form: Conjunction + Verb, Piel, Perfect, 3ms; Translation: “And he did not let go”; Notes: Refers to Parʿo’s refusal to release the Israelites.
- אֶת־בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל (et-benei-Yisraʾel) – Root: בן (b-n); Form: Direct object marker + Noun, masculine plural construct + Proper noun; Translation: “The children of Yisra’el”; Notes: Refers to the Israelite people.
- מֵאַרְצֹֽו׃ (meʾartso) – Root: ארץ (ʾ-r-ts); Form: Preposition + Noun, feminine singular construct + 3ms suffix; Translation: “From his land”; Notes: Refers to Egypt as Parʿo’s domain.