שִׁבְעַ֣ת יָמִ֔ים שְׂאֹ֕ר לֹ֥א יִמָּצֵ֖א בְּבָתֵּיכֶ֑ם כִּ֣י כָּל־אֹכֵ֣ל מַחְמֶ֗צֶת וְנִכְרְתָ֞ה הַנֶּ֤פֶשׁ הַהִוא֙ מֵעֲדַ֣ת יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל בַּגֵּ֖ר וּבְאֶזְרַ֥ח הָאָֽרֶץ׃
Seven days leaven shall not be found in your houses, for anyone who eats anything leavened shall be cut off from the congregation of Yisra’el, whether a foreigner or a native of the land.
Morphology
- שִׁבְעַ֣ת (shivʿat) – Root: שבע (sh-b-ʿ); Form: Numeral, masculine construct; Translation: “Seven”; Notes: Refers to the seven days of the Feast of Unleavened Bread.
- יָמִ֔ים (yamim) – Root: יום (y-w-m); Form: Noun, masculine plural; Translation: “Days”; Notes: Specifies the duration of the prohibition.
- שְׂאֹ֕ר (seʾor) – Root: שאור (s-ʾ-r); Form: Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Leaven”; Notes: Refers to leavened agents prohibited during the feast.
- לֹ֥א (lo) – Root: N/A; Form: Negative particle; Translation: “Not”; Notes: Indicates prohibition.
- יִמָּצֵ֖א (yimmatze) – Root: מצא (m-ts-ʾ); Form: Verb, Niphal, Imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “Shall be found”; Notes: Refers to the prohibition of leaven being present in homes.
- בְּבָתֵּיכֶ֑ם (bevateikhem) – Root: בית (b-y-t); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine plural construct + 2mp suffix; Translation: “In your houses”; Notes: Specifies the location of the prohibition.
- כִּ֣י (ki) – Root: N/A; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “For”; Notes: Introduces the reason for the command.
- כָל־אֹכֵ֣ל (kol-ʾokhel) – Root: אכל (ʾ-k-l); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct + Participle, Qal, masculine singular; Translation: “Anyone who eats”; Notes: Refers to the individuals consuming leaven.
- מַחְמֶ֗צֶת (maḥmetzet) – Root: חמץ (ḥ-m-ts); Form: Noun, feminine singular; Translation: “Anything leavened”; Notes: Refers to leavened food.
- וְנִכְרְתָ֞ה (venikhretah) – Root: כרת (k-r-t); Form: Conjunction + Verb, Niphal, Perfect, 3fs; Translation: “Shall be cut off”; Notes: Refers to the punishment for violating the command.
- הַנֶּ֤פֶשׁ (hanefesh) – Root: נפש (n-p-sh); Form: Noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “The soul”; Notes: Refers to the individual person.
- הַהִוא֙ (hahi) – Root: N/A; Form: Demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular; Translation: “That”; Notes: Specifies the individual being punished.
- מֵעֲדַ֣ת (meʿadat) – Root: עדה (ʿ-d-h); Form: Preposition + Noun, feminine singular construct; Translation: “From the congregation of”; Notes: Refers to exclusion from the community.
- יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל (Yisraʾel) – Root: שר (s-r) + אל (ʾ-l); Form: Proper noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Yisra’el”; Notes: Refers to the Israelite community.
- בַּגֵּ֖ר (bagger) – Root: גר (g-r); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine singular with definite article; Translation: “In the foreigner”; Notes: Refers to non-Israelites living among them.
- וּבְאֶזְרַ֥ח (uveʾezraḥ) – Root: זרח (z-r-ḥ); Form: Conjunction + Preposition + Noun, masculine singular; Translation: “Or the native”; Notes: Refers to Israelites born in the land.
- הָאָֽרֶץ׃ (haʾaretz) – Root: ארץ (ʾ-r-ts); Form: Noun, feminine singular with definite article; Translation: “Of the land”; Notes: Refers to the land of Israel.