אִם־זָרְחָ֥ה הַשֶּׁ֛מֶשׁ עָלָ֖יו דָּמִ֣ים לֹ֑ו שַׁלֵּ֣ם יְשַׁלֵּ֔ם אִם־אֵ֣ין לֹ֔ו וְנִמְכַּ֖ר בִּגְנֵבָתֹֽו׃
If the sun has risen upon him, there shall be bloodguilt for him; he shall surely make restitution. If he has nothing, then he shall be sold for his theft.
Morphology
- אִם־זָרְחָ֥ה (im-zarḥah) – Root: זרח (z-r-ḥ); Form: Conditional particle + verb, Qal perfect, third person feminine singular; Translation: “If has risen”; Notes: Refers to the sun rising, implying a situation of daylight.
- הַשֶּׁ֛מֶשׁ (ha-shemesh) – Root: שמש (sh-m-sh); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “The sun”; Notes: Subject of the verb indicating daylight.
- עָלָ֖יו (ʿalav) – Root: על (ʿ-l); Form: Preposition with third person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “Upon him”; Notes: Refers to the thief.
- דָּמִ֣ים לֹ֑ו (damim lo) – Root: דם (d-m); Form: Noun, masculine plural absolute + prepositional phrase; Translation: “There is bloodguilt for him”; Notes: Indicates liability for the thief’s death during daylight.
- שַׁלֵּ֣ם יְשַׁלֵּ֔ם (shallem yeshallem) – Root: שלם (sh-l-m); Form: Verb, Piel imperfect, third person masculine singular repeated for emphasis; Translation: “He shall surely make restitution”; Notes: Expresses the obligation to repay.
- אִם־אֵ֣ין לֹ֔ו (im-ein lo) – Root: אין (ʾ-y-n); Form: Conditional particle + negative particle with prepositional phrase; Translation: “If he has nothing”; Notes: Specifies the thief’s lack of resources to repay.
- וְנִמְכַּ֖ר (ve-nimkar) – Root: מכר (m-k-r); Form: Conjunction + verb, Nifal imperfect, third person masculine singular; Translation: “He shall be sold”; Notes: Refers to the thief being sold as compensation.
- בִּגְנֵבָתֹֽו (bignevato) – Root: גנב (g-n-v); Form: Preposition + noun, feminine singular construct with third person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “For his theft”; Notes: Indicates the cause for which he is sold.