וַיְהִ֗י בְּרֶ֤דֶת מֹשֶׁה֙ מֵהַ֣ר סִינַ֔י וּשְׁנֵ֨י לֻחֹ֤ת הָֽעֵדֻת֙ בְּיַד־מֹשֶׁ֔ה בְּרִדְתֹּ֖ו מִן־הָהָ֑ר וּמֹשֶׁ֣ה לֹֽא־יָדַ֗ע כִּ֥י קָרַ֛ן עֹ֥ור פָּנָ֖יו בְּדַבְּרֹ֥ו אִתֹּֽו׃
And it happened, when Moshe descended from Mount Sinai, with the two tablets of the testimony in his hand as he descended from the mountain, that Moshe did not know that the skin of his face shone because of his speaking with Him.
Morphology
- וַיְהִ֗י (vayehi) – Root: היה (h-y-h); Form: Verb, Qal, Wayyiqtol, 3ms; Translation: “And it happened”; Notes: Marks the start of the narrative sequence.
- בְּרֶ֤דֶת (beredet) – Root: ירד (y-r-d); Form: Verb, Qal, Infinitive construct with preposition; Translation: “When descending”; Notes: Indicates the timing of the action.
- מֹשֶׁה֙ (Mosheh) – Root: משה (m-sh-h); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Moshe”; Notes: Refers to Moses, the central figure.
- מֵהַ֣ר סִינַ֔י (mehar Sinai) – Root: הר (h-r) + סיני (Sinai); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine singular construct; Translation: “From Mount Sinai”; Notes: Specifies the location.
- וּשְׁנֵ֨י (ushnei) – Root: שנים (sh-n-y-m); Form: Conjunction + Numeral, masculine plural construct; Translation: “And the two”; Notes: Refers to the pair of tablets.
- לֻחֹ֤ת הָֽעֵדֻת֙ (luḥot haʿedut) – Root: לוח (l-w-ḥ) + עד (ʿ-d); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct + Noun, feminine singular definite; Translation: “The tablets of the testimony”; Notes: Refers to the stone tablets with the Ten Words.
- בְּיַד־מֹשֶׁ֔ה (beyad-Mosheh) – Root: יד (y-d); Form: Preposition + Noun, feminine singular construct + Proper noun; Translation: “In Moshe’s hand”; Notes: Describes the location of the tablets.
- בְּרִדְתֹּ֖ו (beridto) – Root: ירד (y-r-d); Form: Verb, Qal, Infinitive construct with preposition + 3ms suffix; Translation: “As he descended”; Notes: Indicates simultaneous action.
- מִן־הָהָ֑ר (min-hahar) – Root: הר (h-r); Form: Preposition + Noun, masculine singular definite; Translation: “From the mountain”; Notes: Specifies the origin of the descent.
- וּמֹשֶׁ֣ה (umosheh) – Root: משה (m-sh-h); Form: Conjunction + Proper noun; Translation: “And Moshe”; Notes: Subject of the clause.
- לֹֽא־יָדַ֗ע (lo-yada) – Root: ידע (y-d-ʿ); Form: Negation + Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3ms; Translation: “Did not know”; Notes: Expresses Moshe’s lack of awareness.
- כִּ֥י קָרַ֛ן (ki karan) – Root: קרן (k-r-n); Form: Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3ms; Translation: “That the skin shone”; Notes: Introduces the reason.
- עֹ֥ור פָּנָ֖יו (ʿor panav) – Root: עור (ʿ-w-r) + פנים (p-n-y-m); Form: Noun, masculine singular construct + Noun, masculine plural construct with 3ms suffix; Translation: “The skin of his face”; Notes: Describes Moshe’s radiant appearance.
- בְּדַבְּרֹ֥ו (bedabbro) – Root: דבר (d-b-r); Form: Verb, Piel, Infinitive construct with preposition + 3ms suffix; Translation: “Because of his speaking”; Notes: Indicates the cause of the shining.
- אִתֹּֽו׃ (itto) – Root: את (ʾ-t); Form: Preposition + 3ms suffix; Translation: “With Him”; Notes: Refers to YHWH as the one Moshe spoke with.