וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוָה֮ אֶל־מֹשֶׁה֒ בְּלֶכְתְּךָ֙ לָשׁ֣וּב מִצְרַ֔יְמָה רְאֵ֗ה כָּל־הַמֹּֽפְתִים֙ אֲשֶׁר־שַׂ֣מְתִּי בְיָדֶ֔ךָ וַעֲשִׂיתָ֖ם לִפְנֵ֣י פַרְעֹ֑ה וַאֲנִי֙ אֲחַזֵּ֣ק אֶת־לִבֹּ֔ו וְלֹ֥א יְשַׁלַּ֖ח אֶת־הָעָֽם׃
And YHWH said to Moshe, “When you go to return to Mitsrayim, see all the wonders I have placed in your hand, and perform them before Parʿo. But I will harden his heart, and he will not send the people.
Morphology
- וַיֹּ֣אמֶר (vayyoʾmer) – Root: אמר (ʾ-m-r); Form: Qal, wayyiqtol (past narrative), 3ms; Translation: “And he said”; Notes: Introduces YHWH’s speech to Moshe.
- יְהוָה֮ (YHWH) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Singular; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The divine name of God.
- אֶל־מֹשֶׁה֒ (el-Moshe) – Root: משה (M-sh-h); Form: Proper noun, singular; Translation: “To Moshe”; Notes: Specifies the recipient of YHWH’s command.
- בְּלֶכְתְּךָ֙ (belekhtekha) – Root: הלך (h-l-k); Form: Qal infinitive construct with 2ms suffix; Translation: “When you go”; Notes: Indicates the timing of the action.
- לָשׁ֣וּב (lashuv) – Root: שׁוב (sh-v-b); Form: Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “To return”; Notes: Purpose clause of Moshe’s going.
- מִצְרַ֔יְמָה (Mitsrayma) – Root: מצרים (m-ts-r-y-m); Form: Proper noun with directional he; Translation: “To Egypt”; Notes: Directional marker for location.
- רְאֵ֗ה (reʾeh) – Root: ראה (r-ʾ-h); Form: Qal imperative, 2ms; Translation: “See”; Notes: A command directed to Moshe.
- כָּל־הַמֹּֽפְתִים֙ (kol-hammophtim) – Root: מופת (m-w-ph-t); Form: Noun, plural, masculine with definite article; Translation: “All the wonders”; Notes: Refers to the signs Moshe will perform.
- אֲשֶׁר־שַׂ֣מְתִּי (ʾasher-samti) – Root: שׂים (s-y-m); Form: Qal perfect, 1cs; Translation: “That I have placed”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s action of equipping Moshe.
- בְיָדֶ֔ךָ (beyadekha) – Root: יד (y-d); Form: Noun, singular, feminine with 2ms suffix; Translation: “In your hand”; Notes: Indicates possession.
- וַעֲשִׂיתָ֖ם (vaʿasitam) – Root: עשה (ʿ-sh-h); Form: Qal perfect with vav, 2ms with 3mp suffix; Translation: “And you shall perform them”; Notes: Instruction for Moshe to act.
- לִפְנֵ֣י (lifnei) – Root: פני (p-n-y); Form: Preposition; Translation: “Before”; Notes: Indicates the audience (Pharaoh).
- פַרְעֹ֑ה (Pharʿoh) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Singular; Translation: “Pharaoh”; Notes: The ruler of Egypt.
- וַאֲנִי֙ (vaʾani) – Root: Pronoun; Form: 1cs; Translation: “But I”; Notes: Emphasizes YHWH’s role.
- אֲחַזֵּ֣ק (ʾaḥazzeq) – Root: חזק (ḥ-z-q); Form: Piel imperfect, 1cs; Translation: “I will harden”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s action on Pharaoh’s heart.
- אֶת־לִבֹּ֔ו (ʾet-libbo) – Root: לב (l-b); Form: Noun, singular, masculine with 3ms suffix; Translation: “His heart”; Notes: Object of YHWH’s action.
- וְלֹ֥א (velo) – Root: Negation; Form: Particle; Translation: “And not”; Notes: Introduces what Pharaoh will refuse to do.
- יְשַׁלַּ֖ח (yeshallaḥ) – Root: שלח (sh-l-ḥ); Form: Piel imperfect, 3ms; Translation: “Send”; Notes: Indicates Pharaoh’s refusal to release the Israelites.
- אֶת־הָעָֽם׃ (ʾet-haʿam) – Root: עם (ʿ-m); Form: Noun, singular, masculine with definite article; Translation: “The people”; Notes: Refers to the Israelites.