וְהִ֨כְעַסְתִּ֔י לֵ֖ב עַמִּ֣ים רַבִּ֑ים בַּהֲבִיאִ֤י שִׁבְרְךָ֙ בַּגֹּויִ֔ם עַל־אֲרָצֹ֖ות אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹֽא־יְדַעְתָּֽם׃
“And I will provoke to anger the heart of many peoples when I bring your ruin among the nations, upon lands that you have not known.
Morphology
- וְהִכְעַסְתִּי (ve-hikʿasti) – Root: כעס (kaʿas); Form: Hifil perfect 1st person common singular with prefixed conjunction וְ; Translation: “And I will provoke to anger”; Notes: Causative stem expressing that YHWH will cause many nations to become enraged by the downfall of the subject.
- לֵב (lev) – Root: לב (lev); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “heart”; Notes: Represents inner emotion and intent, here symbolizing the stirred passions of many nations.
- עַמִּים (ʿammim) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “peoples”; Notes: Refers to various nations or ethnic groups affected by the divine act.
- רַבִּים (rabbim) – Root: רב (rav); Form: Adjective masculine plural; Translation: “many”; Notes: Modifies “peoples,” emphasizing the widespread impact of the judgment.
- בַּהֲבִיאִי (ba-haviʾi) – Root: בוא (boʾ); Form: Preposition בְּ + Hifil infinitive construct with 1st person common singular suffix; Translation: “when I bring”; Notes: Temporal construction expressing the time when YHWH causes the event—His bringing of ruin among the nations.
- שִׁבְרְךָ (shivrekha) – Root: שׁבר (shavar); Form: Noun masculine singular with suffix 2nd person masculine singular; Translation: “your ruin”; Notes: From a root meaning “to break,” “to shatter,” here denoting calamity or downfall.
- בַּגֹּויִם (ba-goyim) – Root: גוי (goy); Form: Preposition בְּ + definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “among the nations”; Notes: Indicates the sphere or community within which the destruction occurs.
- עַל־ (ʿal) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition עַל; Translation: “upon”; Notes: Marks the area or territory affected by the event.
- אֲרָצֹות (ʾaratsot) – Root: ארץ (ʾerets); Form: Noun feminine plural; Translation: “lands”; Notes: Refers to foreign or distant territories beyond the subject’s familiarity.
- אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) – Root: אשר (ʾasher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “which” or “that”; Notes: Introduces the relative clause describing the lands.
- לֹא (lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “not”; Notes: Negates the following verb, expressing unfamiliarity or ignorance.
- יְדַעְתָּם (yedaʿtam) – Root: ידע (yadaʿ); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular + suffix 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “you have known them”; Notes: Indicates that the lands are utterly foreign to the one being judged, highlighting the breadth of YHWH’s punishment.