וְנָתַתִּ֤י לָכֶם֙ לֵ֣ב חָדָ֔שׁ וְר֥וּחַ חֲדָשָׁ֖ה אֶתֵּ֣ן בְּקִרְבְּכֶ֑ם וַהֲסִ֨רֹתִ֜י אֶת־לֵ֤ב הָאֶ֨בֶן֙ מִבְּשַׂרְכֶ֔ם וְנָתַתִּ֥י לָכֶ֖ם לֵ֥ב בָּשָֽׂר׃
And I will give you a new heart, and a new spirit I will put within you; and I will remove the heart of stone from your flesh, and I will give you a heart of flesh.
Morphology
- וְנָתַתִּי (ve-natatti) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “And I will give”; Notes: Expresses YHWH’s active bestowal of divine renewal and transformation.
- לָכֶם (lakhem) – Root: —; Form: Preposition לְ + suffix 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “to you”; Notes: Marks the recipients of YHWH’s gracious act—the people of Yisraʾel.
- לֵב (lev) – Root: לב (lev); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “heart”; Notes: Symbolizes the inner self—thoughts, will, and moral center in Hebrew anthropology.
- חָדָשׁ (ḥadash) – Root: חדשׁ (ḥadash); Form: Adjective masculine singular; Translation: “new”; Notes: Denotes renewal or transformation—contrasts the old, hardened heart.
- וְרוּחַ (ve-ruaḥ) – Root: רוח (ruaḥ); Form: Conjunction וְ + noun feminine singular; Translation: “and a spirit”; Notes: Refers to the animating or moral spirit that YHWH imparts to His people.
- חֲדָשָׁה (ḥadashah) – Root: חדשׁ (ḥadash); Form: Adjective feminine singular; Translation: “new”; Notes: Matches the feminine gender of רוּחַ, signifying a renewed spiritual nature.
- אֶתֵּן (ʾetten) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Qal imperfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I will put” or “I will give”; Notes: Future action—YHWH promises to implant this new spirit within the people.
- בְּקִרְבְּכֶם (be-qirb’khem) – Root: קרב (qerev); Form: Preposition בְּ + noun masculine singular + suffix 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “within you”; Notes: Indicates an internal transformation rather than an external ritual change.
- וַהֲסִרֹתִי (va-hasiroti) – Root: סור (sur); Form: Conjunction וְ + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “and I will remove”; Notes: Causative form—YHWH Himself initiates the removal of spiritual hardness symbolized by the heart of stone.
- אֶת־ (ʾet) – Root: —; Form: Direct object marker; Translation: —; Notes: Introduces the direct object of the verb “remove.”
- לֵב (lev) – Root: לב (lev); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “heart”; Notes: Represents the core of human will and disposition toward YHWH.
- הָאֶבֶן (ha-even) – Root: אבן (ʾeven); Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the stone”; Notes: Symbol of stubbornness, insensitivity, and spiritual unresponsiveness.
- מִבְּשַׂרְכֶם (mi-b’sarkhem) – Root: בשר (basar); Form: Preposition מִן + noun masculine singular + suffix 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “from your flesh”; Notes: Indicates the removal of hardness from the innermost being of Yisraʾel.
- וְנָתַתִּי (ve-natatti) – Root: נתן (natan); Form: Conjunction וְ + Qal perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “and I will give”; Notes: Repetition underscores the divine generosity in granting spiritual renewal.
- לָכֶם (lakhem) – Root: —; Form: Preposition לְ + suffix 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “to you”; Notes: Marks the personal nature of YHWH’s gift—directed to His people.
- לֵב (lev) – Root: לב (lev); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “heart”; Notes: The new inner nature given by YHWH, responsive and obedient.
- בָּשָׂר (basar) – Root: בשר (basar); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “flesh”; Notes: Contrasts the stony heart—symbolizing a living, sensitive, and responsive heart toward YHWH’s will.