עַל־מֵעַ֣ל הַפֶּ֡תַח וְעַד־הַבַּיִת֩ הַפְּנִימִ֨י וְלַח֜וּץ וְאֶל־כָּל־הַקִּ֨יר סָבִ֧יב סָבִ֛יב בַּפְּנִימִ֥י וּבַחִיצֹ֖ון מִדֹּֽות׃
From above the entrance, and up to the inner house, and outside, and upon all the wall round about, inside and outside, were measurements.
Morphology
- עַל־מֵעַל (ʿal-meʿal) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition + prepositional compound; Translation: “from above” / “upon above”; Notes: Indicates the starting vertical reference point of the architectural measurement.
- הַפֶּתַח (ha-petach) – Root: פתח (pataḥ); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the entrance”; Notes: Refers to the door or gateway leading into the temple area.
- וְעַד־הַבַּיִת (ve-ʿad-ha-bayit) – Root: עד (ʿad); Form: Conjunction וְ + preposition עַד + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “and up to the house”; Notes: Marks the extent of measurement from the outer threshold to the sanctuary structure.
- הַפְּנִימִי (ha-penimi) – Root: פנים (panim); Form: Definite adjective masculine singular; Translation: “the inner”; Notes: Qualifies “house,” specifying the inner temple area or sanctuary.
- וְלַחוּץ (ve-la-ḥuts) – Root: חוץ (ḥuts); Form: Conjunction וְ + preposition לְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and to the outside”; Notes: Extends the measurement to the exterior walls.
- וְאֶל־כָּל־הַקִּיר (ve-el-kol-ha-qir) – Root: קיר (qir); Form: Conjunction וְ + preposition אֶל + noun “all” + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “and upon all the wall”; Notes: Encompasses every section of the temple’s walls in the measurement.
- סָבִיב סָבִיב (saviv saviv) – Root: סבב (savav); Form: Adverb repeated for emphasis; Translation: “round about”; Notes: Expresses complete enclosure and symmetry, consistent with Ezekiel’s temple imagery.
- בַּפְּנִימִי (ba-penimi) – Root: פנים (panim); Form: Preposition בְּ + definite adjective masculine singular; Translation: “in the inner part”; Notes: Refers to the interior measurement area, within the sanctuary or inner court.
- וּבַחִיצֹון (u-va-ḥitson) – Root: חוץ (ḥuts); Form: Conjunction וְ + preposition בְּ + definite adjective masculine singular; Translation: “and in the outer part”; Notes: Balances the contrast between interior and exterior spaces of the temple structure.
- מִדֹּות (middot) – Root: מדד (madad); Form: Feminine plural noun; Translation: “measurements”; Notes: Refers to precise architectural proportions, reflecting divine order in Ezekiel’s vision.