הַסִּפִּ֡ים וְהַחַלֹּונִ֣ים הָ֠אֲטֻמֹות וְהָאַתִּיקִ֤ים סָבִיב֙ לִשְׁלָשְׁתָּ֔ם נֶ֧גֶד הַסַּ֛ף שְׂחִ֥יף עֵ֖ץ סָבִ֣יב סָבִ֑יב וְהָאָ֨רֶץ֙ עַד־הַֽחַלֹּנֹ֔ות וְהַֽחַלֹּנֹ֖ות מְכֻסֹּֽות׃
The thresholds, and the shuttered windows, and the galleries round about on their three levels, were opposite the threshold; a wood paneling surrounded them all around, and the ground up to the windows, and the windows were covered.
Morphology
- הַסִּפִּים (ha-sippim) – Root: סף (saf); Form: Definite plural noun masculine; Translation: “the thresholds”; Notes: Refers to the doorframes or base structures of temple entrances.
- וְהַחַלֹּונִים (ve-ha-ḥallonim) – Root: חלון (ḥallon); Form: Conjunction וְ + definite plural noun masculine; Translation: “and the windows”; Notes: Architectural features providing light to the structure, mentioned frequently in Ezekiel’s temple vision.
- הָאֲטֻמֹות (ha-ʾatumot) – Root: אטם (ʾatam); Form: Definite adjective feminine plural passive participle; Translation: “the shuttered” or “closed”; Notes: Describes windows designed to be covered or latticed.
- וְהָאַתִּיקִים (ve-ha-attiqim) – Root: עתק (ʿataq); Form: Conjunction וְ + definite plural noun masculine; Translation: “and the galleries”; Notes: Refers to elevated structures or tiers surrounding the inner temple areas.
- סָבִיב (saviv) – Root: סבב (savav); Form: Adverb; Translation: “round about”; Notes: Repeatedly used in Ezekiel to describe symmetry in divine architecture.
- לִשְׁלָשְׁתָּם (lishloshtam) – Root: שלש (shalosh); Form: Preposition לְ + numeral feminine construct + suffix 3mp; Translation: “for their three (stories/levels)”; Notes: Indicates that there were three tiers of galleries surrounding the structure.
- נֶגֶד (neged) – Root: —; Form: Preposition; Translation: “opposite” or “facing”; Notes: Expresses orientation toward the threshold or central point.
- הַסַּף (ha-saf) – Root: סף (saf); Form: Definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “the threshold”; Notes: Indicates the entrance structure beneath the doorframe.
- שְׂחִיף (seḥif) – Root: שׂחף (saḥaf); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “paneling” or “lining”; Notes: Refers to the wooden overlay or decorative sheathing on the walls.
- עֵץ (ʿets) – Root: עץ (ʿets); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “wood”; Notes: The material used for interior decoration and holy furnishing.
- סָבִיב סָבִיב (saviv saviv) – Root: סבב (savav); Form: Repetition of adverb; Translation: “all around”; Notes: Indicates full enclosure and visual symmetry, a key design motif in Ezekiel’s temple vision.
- וְהָאָרֶץ (ve-ha-ʾarets) – Root: ארץ (ʾarets); Form: Conjunction וְ + definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “and the ground”; Notes: The flooring level extending beneath the windows.
- עַד־הַחַלֹּנֹות (ʿad-ha-ḥallonot) – Root: חלון (ḥallon); Form: Preposition עַד + definite plural noun masculine; Translation: “up to the windows”; Notes: Describes the elevation of the wall paneling.
- וְהַחַלֹּנֹות (ve-ha-ḥallonot) – Root: חלון (ḥallon); Form: Conjunction וְ + definite plural noun masculine; Translation: “and the windows”; Notes: Reiterated for emphasis on their placement and design.
- מְכֻסֹּות (mekussot) – Root: כסּה (kasah); Form: Pual participle feminine plural; Translation: “were covered”; Notes: Indicates the windows were screened, possibly to regulate light or preserve sanctity.