הֵ֭מָּה כָּרְע֣וּ וְנָפָ֑לוּ וַאֲנַ֥חְנוּ קַּ֝֗מְנוּ וַנִּתְעֹודָֽד׃
They have bowed down and fallen, but we have risen and have stood upright.
| # | Hebrew | Transliteration | Literal Gloss | Morph Tag |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | הֵמָּה | hemmah | “they” | Independent pronoun mp |
| 2 | כָּרְעוּ | karʿu | “they bowed down” | Qal perfect 3cp |
| 3 | וְנָפָלוּ | ve-nafalu | “and they fell” | Conj וְ + Qal perfect 3cp |
| 4 | וַאֲנַחְנוּ | va-ʾanaḥnu | “but we” | Conj וַ + independent pronoun 1cp |
| 5 | קַּמְנוּ | qamnu | “we rose” | Qal perfect 1cp |
| 6 | וַנִּתְעֹודָד | va-nitʿodad | “and we stood upright” | Conj וַ + Hitpael imperfect 1cp |
Morphology
- הֵמָּה (hemmah) – Root: pronominal base; Root Type: Pronominal; Form: Independent pronoun masculine plural; Translation: “They”; Notes: Emphatic pronoun highlighting the opposing group.
- כָּרְעוּ (karʿu) – Root: כרע (k-r-ʿ); Root Type: III-Guttural; Binyan: Qal; Form: Perfect 3rd person common plural; Translation: “they bowed down”; Notes: Describes collapsing or kneeling, often used of defeat in battle.
- וְנָפָלוּ (ve-nafalu) – Root: נפל (n-p-l); Root Type: I-Nun (weak); Binyan: Qal; Form: Conjunction וְ + perfect 3rd person common plural; Translation: “and they fell”; Notes: The verb often conveys defeat or collapse following battle.
- וַאֲנַחְנוּ (va-ʾanaḥnu) – Root: pronominal base; Root Type: Pronominal; Form: Conjunction וַ + independent pronoun 1st person common plural; Translation: “but we”; Notes: Sets a strong contrast between the defeated enemy and the faithful group.
- קַּמְנוּ (qamnu) – Root: קום (q-w-m); Root Type: Hollow (middle weak); Binyan: Qal; Form: Perfect 1st person common plural; Translation: “we rose”; Notes: Expresses recovery, rising again after adversity.
- וַנִּתְעֹודָד (va-nitʿodad) – Root: עוד (ʿ-w-d); Root Type: Hollow (middle weak); Binyan: Hitpael; Form: Conjunction וַ + imperfect 1st person common plural; Translation: “and we stood upright”; Notes: The reflexive Hitpael conveys strengthening or restoring oneself to a firm standing position.