וְהַֽהַרְאֵ֖ל אַרְבַּ֣ע אַמֹּ֑ות וּמֵהָאֲרִאֵ֗ל וּלְמַ֔עְלָה הַקְּרָנֹ֖ות אַרְבַּֽע׃
And the altar-hearth four cubits; and from the altar-hearth and upward, the horns four.
Morphology
- וְהַהַרְאֵל (ve-ha-harʾel) – Root: הר (har) + אל (ʾel); Form: Conjunction וְ + definite compound noun masculine singular; Translation: “and the altar-hearth”; Notes: From har (“mountain”) and ʾel (“God”), literally “mountain of God.” Refers here to the upper platform or hearth of the altar where offerings are placed.
- אַרְבַּע (arbaʿ) – Root: —; Form: Numeral feminine singular; Translation: “four”; Notes: Specifies the height dimension of the altar-hearth in cubits.
- אַמֹּות (ammot) – Root: אמה (ammah); Form: Noun feminine plural; Translation: “cubits”; Notes: Standard unit of measurement (~45–52 cm each) describing the vertical height of the hearth.
- וּמֵהָאֲרִאֵל (u-me-haʾariʾel) – Root: אראל (ʾariʾel); Form: Conjunction וּ + preposition מִן + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “and from the altar-hearth”; Notes: Denotes the point of reference for the following vertical measurement, “from the hearth upward.”
- וּלְמַעְלָה (u-le-maʿlah) – Root: מעל (maʿal); Form: Conjunction וּ + preposition לְ + adverb; Translation: “and upward”; Notes: Indicates direction from the altar-hearth toward the top of the structure.
- הַקְּרָנֹות (ha-qeranot) – Root: קרן (qeren); Form: Definite noun feminine plural; Translation: “the horns”; Notes: Refers to the four projecting horns at the altar’s top corners, symbolizing divine power and atonement.
- אַרְבַּע (arbaʿ) – Root: —; Form: Numeral feminine singular; Translation: “four”; Notes: Corresponds to the number of altar horns, one on each corner.