Isaiah 10:6

בְּגֹ֤וי חָנֵף֙ אֲשַׁלְּחֶ֔נּוּ וְעַל־עַ֥ם עֶבְרָתִ֖י אֲצַוֶּ֑נּוּ לִשְׁלֹ֤ל שָׁלָל֙ וְלָבֹ֣ז בַּ֔ז וּלְשִׂימֹו מִרְמָ֖ס כְּחֹ֥מֶר חוּצֹֽות׃

Against a profane nation I will send him, and against the people of My wrath I will command him, to seize spoil and to plunder plunder, and to make them a trampling place like the mire of the streets.

Morphology

1. בְּגֹ֤וי (be-goy) – Root: גוי (goy); Form: Preposition בְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “against a nation”; Notes: Often used for foreign or Gentile nations.
2. חָנֵף (ḥanef) – Root: חנף (ḥanaf); Form: Adjective masculine singular; Translation: “profane”; Notes: Denotes moral corruption or godlessness.
3. אֲשַׁלְּחֶנּוּ (ashalleḥennu) – Root: שלח (shalaḥ); Form: Piel imperfect 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “I will send him”; Notes: Piel adds intensity; refers to YHWH dispatching Ashshur as instrument.
4. וְעַל־עַ֥ם (ve-ʿal-ʿam) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Conjunction + preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and against a people”; Notes: Second object of divine action.
5. עֶבְרָתִי (ʿevrati) – Root: עבר (ʿavar); Form: Noun feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “of My wrath”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s burning anger or fierce indignation.
6. אֲצַוֶּנּוּ (ʾatsawennu) – Root: צוה (tsavah); Form: Piel imperfect 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “I will command him”; Notes: Refers to divine commission or authority.
7. לִשְׁלֹ֤ל (lishlol) – Root: שלל (shalal); Form: Infinitive construct with לְ (Qal); Translation: “to seize spoil”; Notes: Denotes plundering as part of military conquest.
8. שָׁלָל (shalal) – Root: שלל (shalal); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “spoil”; Notes: Repetition emphasizes total despoiling.
9. וְלָבֹ֣ז (ve-lavoz) – Root: בזז (bazaz); Form: Conjunction + infinitive construct (Qal); Translation: “and to plunder”; Notes: A second act of violent seizure.
10. בַּז (baz) – Root: בז (baz); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “plunder”; Notes: Synonym of “shalal,” again showing intensification.
11. וּלְשִׂימֹו (u-lesimo) – Root: שׂים (sim); Form: Conjunction + infinitive construct with לְ + third person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and to make them”; Notes: Refers to the people as the object being trampled.
12. מִרְמָס (mirmas) – Root: רמס (ramas); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “a trampling place”; Notes: Denotes humiliation or crushing defeat.
13. כְּחֹ֥מֶר (ke-ḥomer) – Root: חמר (ḥomer); Form: Preposition כְ + noun masculine singular; Translation: “like the mire”; Notes: Compares victims to mud—utterly degraded.
14. חוּצֹֽות (ḥutsot) – Root: חוץ (ḥuts); Form: Noun feminine plural; Translation: “of the streets”; Notes: Public places, emphasizing exposure and disgrace.