וְהָיָ֨ה לְאֹ֥ות וּלְעֵ֛ד לַֽיהוָ֥ה צְבָאֹ֖ות בְּאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם כִּֽי־יִצְעֲק֤וּ אֶל־יְהוָה֙ מִפְּנֵ֣י לֹֽחֲצִ֔ים וְיִשְׁלַ֥ח לָהֶ֛ם מֹושִׁ֥יעַ וָרָ֖ב וְהִצִּילָֽם׃
And it shall be for a sign and for a witness to YHWH of Hosts in the land of Mitsrayim, for they shall cry to YHWH because of oppressors, and He shall send them a savior and a champion, and He shall deliver them.
Morphology
- וְהָיָה (ve-hayah) – Root: היה; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “and it shall be”; Notes: Introduces a future consequence.
- לְאֹות (le-ʾot) – Root: אות; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “for a sign”; Notes: Indicates divine symbolism.
- וּלְעֵד (u-le-ʿed) – Root: עדה; Form: Conjunction + preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and for a witness”; Notes: A testimony to YHWH’s intervention.
- לַיהוָה צְבָאֹות (la-YHWH tsevaʾot) – Root: Divine name + צבא; Form: Preposition + construct phrase; Translation: “to YHWH of Hosts”; Notes: Denotes ownership and authority.
- בְּאֶרֶץ מִצְרָיִם (be-ʾerets Mitsrayim) – Root: ארץ, מצרים; Form: Preposition + construct phrase; Translation: “in the land of Mitsrayim”; Notes: Specifies location of the sign.
- כִּי־יִצְעֲקוּ (ki-yitsʿaqu) – Root: צעק; Form: Conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “for they shall cry”; Notes: Introduces reason for divine response.
- אֶל־יְהוָה (el-YHWH) – Root: אל; Form: Preposition + divine name; Translation: “to YHWH”; Notes: Marks the direction of their plea.
- מִפְּנֵי לֹחֲצִים (mi-penei loḥatsim) – Root: פנה, לחץ; Form: Preposition + construct noun + plural noun; Translation: “because of oppressors”; Notes: Identifies the source of affliction.
- וְיִשְׁלַח (ve-yishlaḥ) – Root: שלח; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “and He shall send”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s intervention.
- לָהֶם (lahem) – Root: הם; Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “to them”; Notes: Refers to the Egyptians.
- מֹושִׁיעַ (moshiʿaʿ) – Root: ישע; Form: Hifil participle masculine singular; Translation: “a savior”; Notes: One who brings deliverance.
- וָרָב (va-rav) – Root: ריב; Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and a champion,” “defender”; Notes: Possibly from “רב” meaning mighty or one who contends.
- וְהִצִּילָם (ve-hitsilam) – Root: נצל; Form: Hifil perfect 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person plural suffix; Translation: “and He shall deliver them”; Notes: Describes successful rescue or salvation.