Isaiah 31:9

וְסַלְעֹו֙ מִמָּגֹ֣ור יַֽעֲבֹ֔ור וְחַתּ֥וּ מִנֵּ֖ס שָׂרָ֑יו נְאֻם־יְהוָ֗ה אֲשֶׁר־א֥וּר לֹו֙ בְּצִיֹּ֔ון וְתַנּ֥וּר לֹ֖ו בִּירוּשָׁלִָֽם׃ ס

And his rock shall pass away because of terror, and his princes shall be dismayed at the banner,” declares YHWH, whose fire is in Tsiyyon and His furnace is in Yerushalayim.

Morphology

1. וְסַלְעֹו֙ (ve-salʿo) – Root: סלע; Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “and his rock”; Notes: Metaphor for stronghold or trusted refuge.
2. מִמָּגֹ֣ור (mi-magogor) – Root: מגור; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “from terror”; Notes: Indicates cause of flight or collapse.
3. יַֽעֲבֹ֔ור (yaʿavor) – Root: עבר; Form: Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “shall pass away”; Notes: Often implies removal, perishing, or vanishing.
4. וְחַתּ֥וּ (ve-ḥattu) – Root: חתת; Form: Conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “and they were shattered” or “dismayed”; Notes: Used for intense fear or collapse.
5. מִנֵּ֖ס (mi-nes) – Root: נסס; Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “at the banner”; Notes: May refer to a rallying signal or divine sign of battle.
6. שָׂרָ֑יו (sarav) – Root: שר; Form: Noun masculine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his princes”; Notes: Leaders or officials of the nation under judgment.
7. נְאֻם־יְהוָ֗ה (neʾum-YHWH) – Root: נאם; Form: Noun masculine singular construct + proper noun; Translation: “declares YHWH”; Notes: Prophetic formula introducing divine speech.
8. אֲשֶׁר־א֥וּר (asher-ʾur) – Root: אור; Form: Relative pronoun + noun masculine singular; Translation: “whose fire”; Notes: Introduces a relative clause describing YHWH.
9. לֹו֙ (lo) – Root: לו; Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “is to Him”; Notes: Possessive construction—“belongs to Him.”
10. בְּצִיֹּ֔ון (be-Tsiyon) – Root: ציון; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “in Tsiyon”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s dwelling or seat of power.
11. וְתַנּ֥וּר (ve-tannur) – Root: תנור; Form: Conjunction + noun masculine singular; Translation: “and furnace”; Notes: Symbol of judgment or refining fire.
12. לֹו֖ (lo) – Root: לו; Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “is to Him”; Notes: Repetition reinforces divine ownership.
13. בִּירוּשָׁלִָֽם (bi-Yerushalayim) – Root: ירושלים; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “in Yerushalayim”; Notes: Parallel with Tsiyon, location of divine presence and action.