Isaiah 52:5

וְעַתָּ֤ה מִי־לִי־פֹה֙ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה כִּֽי־לֻקַּ֥ח עַמִּ֖י חִנָּ֑ם מְשָׂלוֹ יְהֵילִ֨ילוּ֙ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה וְתָמִ֥יד כָּל־הַיֹּ֖ום שְׁמִ֥י מִנֹּאָֽץ׃

And now, what have I here?” says YHWH. “For My people has been taken for nothing. Their rulers howl,” says YHWH, “and continually all the day My name is despised.

Morphology

1. וְעַתָּ֤ה (ve-ʿattah) – Root: עת (ʿet); Form: Conjunction + adverb; Translation: “And now”; Notes: Signals transition to a present reflection.
2. מִי־לִי־פֹה (mī-lī-poh) – Roots: מי (mī), לי (lī), פה (poh); Form: Interrogative + preposition + pronoun + adverb of place; Translation: “What is to Me here?”; Notes: Rhetorical question expressing indignation or lament.
3. נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה (neʾum-YHWH) – Root: נאם (naʾam); Form: Construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “says YHWH”; Notes: Prophetic declaration formula.
4. כִּֽי־לֻקַּ֥ח (ki-luqqaḥ) – Root: לקח (laqakh); Form: Conjunction + Nifal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “For… was taken”; Notes: Passive verb referring to YHWH’s people.
5. עַמִּ֖י (ʿammī) – Root: עם (ʿam); Form: Noun masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “My people”; Notes: The object of the unjust seizure.
6. חִנָּ֑ם (ḥinnam) – Root: חנם (ḥinnam); Form: Adverb; Translation: “for nothing”; Notes: Indicates without payment or justification.
7. מְשָׂלוֹ (meshalo) – Root: משׂל (mashal); Form: Qal participle masculine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “those ruling him”; Notes: Refers to the oppressors, possibly mocking or abusive rulers.
8. יְהֵילִ֨ילוּ (yeheililu) – Root: ילל (yalal); Form: Hifil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they howl”; Notes: Suggests derision, torment, or loud wailing by oppressors.
9. נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה (neʾum-YHWH) – Root: נאם (naʾam); Form: Construct noun + proper noun; Translation: “says YHWH”; Notes: Repeated to emphasize divine authorship of the lament.
10. וְתָמִ֥יד (ve-tamid) – Root: תמיד (tamid); Form: Conjunction + adverb; Translation: “and continually”; Notes: Refers to the constant nature of the offense.
11. כָּל־הַיֹּ֖ום (kol-ha-yom) – Root: כל (kol) / יום (yom); Form: Construct noun + definite noun masculine singular; Translation: “all the day”; Notes: Emphasizes duration and unceasing disrespect.
12. שְׁמִ֥י (shemī) – Root: שם (shem); Form: Noun masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “My name”; Notes: Refers to YHWH’s reputation and covenant identity.
13. מִנֹּאָֽץ (minnoʾats) – Root: נאץ (naʾats); Form: Nifal participle masculine singular; Translation: “is despised”; Notes: Passive—YHWH’s name is blasphemed or dishonored continually.