נִבְזֶה֙ וַחֲדַ֣ל אִישִׁ֔ים אִ֥ישׁ מַכְאֹבֹ֖ות וִיד֣וּעַ חֹ֑לִי וּכְמַסְתֵּ֤ר פָּנִים֙ מִמֶּ֔נּוּ נִבְזֶ֖ה וְלֹ֥א חֲשַׁבְנֻֽהוּ׃
Despised and rejected by men, a man of pains and acquainted with sickness, and as one from whom faces are hidden, he was despised, and we did not esteem him.
Morphology
- נִבְזֶה֙ (nivzeh) – Root: בזה (bazah); Form: Nifal participle masculine singular; Translation: “despised”; Notes: Passive form describing how he was viewed with contempt.
- וַחֲדַ֣ל (va-ḥadal) – Root: חדל (ḥadal); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and rejected” / “ceased”; Notes: Often interpreted as “forsaken” or “shunned” among men.
- אִישִׁ֔ים (ishim) – Root: אישׁ (ʾish); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “of men”; Notes: Highlights the relational context—rejected by people.
- אִ֥ישׁ (ish) – Root: אישׁ (ʾish); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “a man”; Notes: Subject of the next phrases.
- מַכְאֹבֹ֖ות (makʾovot) – Root: כאב (kaʾav); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “of pains”; Notes: Refers to physical and emotional suffering.
- וִיד֣וּעַ (viduaʿ) – Root: ידע (yadaʿ); Form: Qal passive participle masculine singular; Translation: “acquainted”; Notes: Describes familiarity gained through experience.
- חֹ֑לִי (ḥoli) – Root: חלה (ḥalah); Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “with sickness”; Notes: Refers to affliction, either physical illness or metaphorical weakness.
- וּכְמַסְתֵּ֤ר (u-kemaster) – Root: סתר (satar); Form: Conjunction + preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct; Translation: “and as one hiding”; Notes: Describes social avoidance or rejection.
- פָּנִים֙ (panim) – Root: פנה (panah); Form: Noun masculine plural; Translation: “faces”; Notes: Figurative for favor or relational attention.
- מִמֶּ֔נּוּ (mimmenu) – Root: מן (min); Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “from him”; Notes: Indicates direction of avoidance.
- נִבְזֶ֖ה (nivzeh) – Root: בזה (bazah); Form: Nifal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “he was despised”; Notes: Repetition for emphasis on rejection.
- וְלֹ֥א (ve-lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Conjunction + negative particle; Translation: “and not”; Notes: Introduces a negated verb phrase.
- חֲשַׁבְנֻֽהוּ (ḥashavnu-hu) – Root: חשב (ḥashav); Form: Qal perfect 1st person plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “we esteemed him”; Notes: Expresses rejection by considering him of no value.