וַיְהִי֩ כִרְאֹותֹ֨ו אֹותָ֜הּ וַיִּקְרַ֣ע אֶת־בְּגָדָ֗יו וַיֹּ֨אמֶר֙ אֲהָ֤הּ בִּתִּי֙ הַכְרֵ֣עַ הִכְרַעְתִּ֔נִי וְאַ֖תְּ הָיִ֣יתְ בְּעֹֽכְרָ֑י וְאָנֹכִ֗י פָּצִ֤יתִי־פִי֙ אֶל־יְהוָ֔ה וְלֹ֥א אוּכַ֖ל לָשֽׁוּב׃
And it was, when he saw her, that he tore his clothes and said, “Alas, my daughter! You have utterly brought me low, and you have become among those who trouble me. And I have opened my mouth to YHWH, and I cannot turn back.”
Morphology
- וַיְהִי֩ (va-yehi) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “And it was”; Notes: Introduces a narrative event.
- כִרְאֹותֹ֨ו (kirʾoto) – Root: ראה (raʾah); Form: Qal infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “when he saw”; Notes: Introduces a temporal clause.
- אֹותָ֜הּ (otah) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Pronoun, 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “her”; Notes: Direct object.
- וַיִּקְרַ֣ע (va-yikraʿ) – Root: קרע (qaraʿ); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he tore”; Notes: Expresses mourning.
- אֶת־בְּגָדָ֗יו (et-begadav) – Root: בגד (beged); Form: Noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “his clothes”; Notes: Object of the action.
- וַיֹּ֨אמֶר֙ (va-yomer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (preterite) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he said”; Notes: Introduces direct speech.
- אֲהָ֤הּ (ʾahah) – Root: אהה (ʾahah); Form: Interjection; Translation: “Alas!”; Notes: Expresses distress.
- בִּתִּי֙ (biti) – Root: בת (bat); Form: Noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “my daughter”; Notes: Direct address.
- הַכְרֵ֣עַ (haḵreaʿ) – Root: כרע (karaʿ); Form: Hiphil infinitive absolute; Translation: “utterly bringing low”; Notes: Emphasizes intensity.
- הִכְרַעְתִּ֔נִי (hikhraʿtini) – Root: כרע (karaʿ); Form: Hiphil perfect 2nd person feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “You have brought me low”; Notes: A lamentation.
- וְאַ֖תְּ (ve-at) – Root: את (at); Form: Pronoun, 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “and you”; Notes: Subject of the next phrase.
- הָיִ֣יתְ (hayit) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “you have been”; Notes: Indicates a state.
- בְּעֹֽכְרָ֑י (be-ʿokrai) – Root: עכר (ʿakar); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “among those who trouble me”; Notes: Expresses deep distress.
- וְאָנֹכִ֗י (ve-anokhi) – Root: אנכי (anokhi); Form: Pronoun, 1st person singular; Translation: “And I”; Notes: Emphatic personal statement.
- פָּצִ֤יתִי־פִי֙ (patziti-pi) – Root: פצה (patza); Form: Qal perfect 1st person singular with noun; Translation: “I have opened my mouth”; Notes: Refers to making a vow.
- אֶל־יְהוָ֔ה (el-YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “to YHWH”; Notes: Specifies the recipient of the vow.
- וְלֹ֥א אוּכַ֖ל (ve-lo ukhal) – Root: יכל (yakhol); Form: Qal imperfect 1st person singular; Translation: “and I cannot”; Notes: Expresses inability.
- לָשֽׁוּב׃ (lashuv) – Root: שוב (shuv); Form: Qal infinitive construct; Translation: “to turn back”; Notes: Refers to being unable to revoke his vow.