וַיִּֽחַר־אַ֥ף יְהוָ֖ה בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיֹּ֗אמֶר יַעַן֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר עָבְר֜וּ הַגֹּ֣וי הַזֶּ֗ה אֶת־בְּרִיתִי֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר צִוִּ֣יתִי אֶת־אֲבֹותָ֔ם וְלֹ֥א שָׁמְע֖וּ לְקֹולִֽי׃
And the anger of YHWH burned against Yisraʾel, and He said, “Because this nation has transgressed My covenant which I commanded their fathers, and they have not listened to My voice,
Morphology
- וַיִּֽחַר־אַ֥ף (vayyiḥar-af) – Root: חרה (ḥarah); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular with noun; Translation: “And the anger burned”; Notes: Refers to divine wrath.
- יְהוָ֖ה (YHWH) – Root: יהוה (YHWH); Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Subject of the sentence.
- בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (be-Yisraʾel) – Root: ישראל (Yisraʾel); Form: Proper noun with preposition; Translation: “against Yisraʾel”; Notes: Indicates the object of divine anger.
- וַיֹּ֗אמֶר (vayyoʾmer) – Root: אמר (ʾamar); Form: Qal wayyiqtol (sequential imperfect) 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and He said”; Notes: Introduces direct speech.
- יַעַן֩ (yaʿan) – Root: יען (yaʿan); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “Because”; Notes: Introduces the reason for YHWH’s anger.
- אֲשֶׁ֨ר (asher) – Root: אשר (asher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces a clause explaining the cause.
- עָבְר֜וּ (ʿavru) – Root: עבר (ʿavar); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they have transgressed”; Notes: Indicates breaking of a covenant.
- הַגֹּ֣וי (ha-goy) – Root: גוי (goy); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute with definite article; Translation: “the nation”; Notes: Refers to Yisraʾel in a negative sense.
- הַזֶּ֗ה (ha-zeh) – Root: זה (zeh); Form: Demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Specifies the nation.
- אֶת־בְּרִיתִי֙ (et-beriti) – Root: ברית (berit); Form: Noun, feminine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “My covenant”; Notes: Refers to the divine agreement.
- אֲשֶׁ֣ר (asher) – Root: אשר (asher); Form: Relative pronoun; Translation: “which”; Notes: Introduces further explanation.
- צִוִּ֣יתִי (tsiwwiti) – Root: צוה (tsawah); Form: Piel perfect 1st person singular; Translation: “I commanded”; Notes: Expresses divine instruction.
- אֶת־אֲבֹותָ֔ם (et-avotam) – Root: אב (av); Form: Noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “their fathers”; Notes: Refers to the ancestors of Yisraʾel.
- וְלֹ֥א (ve-lo) – Root: לא (lo); Form: Negative particle; Translation: “and not”; Notes: Expresses negation.
- שָׁמְע֖וּ (shameʿu) – Root: שמע (shamaʿ); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural; Translation: “they listened”; Notes: Refers to disobedience.
- לְקֹולִֽי (le-qoli) – Root: קול (qol); Form: Noun, masculine singular absolute with 1st person singular suffix and preposition; Translation: “to My voice”; Notes: Represents divine command.