וְאָמַרְתָּ֨ אֲלֵיהֶ֜ם כֹּֽה־אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה הִנְנִ֣י מְמַלֵּ֣א אֶת־כָּל־יֹשְׁבֵ֣י הָאָ֪רֶץ הַזֹּ֟את וְאֶת־הַמְּלָכִ֣ים הַיֹּשְׁבִים֩ לְדָוִ֨ד עַל־כִּסְאֹ֜ו וְאֶת־הַכֹּהֲנִ֣ים וְאֶת־הַנְּבִיאִ֗ים וְאֵ֛ת כָּל־יֹשְׁבֵ֥י יְרוּשָׁלִָ֖ם שִׁכָּרֹֽון׃
And you shall say to them: Thus said YHWH, “Behold, I am about to fill all the inhabitants of this land, the kings who sit for Dawid on his throne, and the priests, and the prophets, and all the inhabitants of Yerushalayim, with drunkenness.”
Morphology
- וְאָמַרְתָּ֨ (ve-amarta) – Root: אמר; Form: Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular with vav-consecutive; Translation: “And you shall say”; Notes: Prophetic command to proclaim the following message.
- אֲלֵיהֶ֜ם (aleihem) – Root: אל; Form: Preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “to them”; Notes: Refers to the people of Yisraʾel and Yerushalayim.
- כֹּֽה־אָמַ֣ר (koh-amar) – Root: אמר; Form: Adverb + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “Thus said”; Notes: Formal introduction to divine speech.
- יְהוָ֗ה (YHWH) – Root: הוה; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: Speaker of the proclamation.
- הִנְנִ֣י (hinneni) – Root: הן; Form: Interjection + 1st person singular pronoun; Translation: “Behold, I”; Notes: Emphatic formula indicating imminent divine action.
- מְמַלֵּ֣א (memalle) – Root: מלא; Form: Piel participle masculine singular; Translation: “about to fill”; Notes: Expresses ongoing or imminent causative action.
- אֶת־כָּל־יֹשְׁבֵי (et-kol-yoshvei) – Root: ישׁב; Form: Direct object marker + noun + Qal participle masculine plural in construct; Translation: “all the inhabitants of”; Notes: Subject group being filled.
- הָאָ֪רֶץ (ha-aretz) – Root: ארץ; Form: Definite noun feminine singular; Translation: “the land”; Notes: Refers to the land of Yisraʾel.
- הַזֹּ֟את (hazzot) – Root: זהה; Form: Demonstrative adjective feminine singular; Translation: “this”; Notes: Specifies the land in view.
- וְאֶת־הַמְּלָכִ֣ים (ve-et-ha-melakhim) – Root: מלך; Form: Conjunction + direct object + definite plural noun masculine; Translation: “and the kings”; Notes: Royal figures to be included in the judgment.
- הַיֹּשְׁבִים֩ (ha-yoshvim) – Root: ישׁב; Form: Qal participle masculine plural with article; Translation: “who sit”; Notes: Describes the reigning monarchs.
- לְדָוִ֨ד (le-Dawid) – Root: דוד; Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “for Dawid”; Notes: Denotes the dynastic line of kings.
- עַל־כִּסְאֹ֜ו (ʿal-kisʾo) – Root: כּסא; Form: Preposition + definite noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “on his throne”; Notes: Refers to the Davidic throne.
- וְאֶת־הַכֹּהֲנִ֣ים (ve-et-ha-kohanim) – Root: כהן; Form: Conjunction + direct object marker + definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “and the priests”; Notes: Religious leaders of the people.
- וְאֶת־הַנְּבִיאִ֗ים (ve-et-ha-neviʾim) – Root: נבא; Form: Conjunction + direct object marker + definite noun masculine plural; Translation: “and the prophets”; Notes: Also included in the coming judgment.
- וְאֵ֛ת כָּל־יֹשְׁבֵ֥י (ve-et kol-yoshvei) – Root: ישׁב; Form: Conjunction + direct object + participle masculine plural in construct; Translation: “and all the inhabitants of”; Notes: General population of the city.
- יְרוּשָׁלִָ֖ם (Yerushalayim) – Root: ירושלים; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “Yerushalayim”; Notes: The capital city, representing the whole nation.
- שִׁכָּרֹֽון (shikkaron) – Root: שכר; Form: Noun masculine singular; Translation: “drunkenness”; Notes: Symbol of divine wrath, confusion, or judgment.