Jeremiah 2:10

כִּ֣י עִבְר֞וּ אִיֵּ֤י כִתִּיִּים֙ וּרְא֔וּ וְקֵדָ֛ר שִׁלְח֥וּ וְהִֽתְבֹּונְנ֖וּ מְאֹ֑ד וּרְא֕וּ הֵ֥ן הָיְתָ֖ה כָּזֹֽאת׃

For pass over to the isles of the Kittiyim and see, and to Qedar send and consider carefully, and see if there has been such a thing.

Morphology

1. כִּ֣י (ki) – Root: כי; Form: Conjunction; Translation: “For”; Notes: Introduces a justification or argument.
2. עִבְר֞וּ (ʿivru) – Root: עבר; Form: Qal imperative masculine plural; Translation: “Pass over”; Notes: Addressed to a plural audience.
3. אִיֵּ֤י (ʾiyye) – Root: אי; Form: Noun, masculine plural construct; Translation: “isles of”; Notes: Geographical term referring to distant coastlands.
4. כִתִּיִּים֙ (Kittiyim) – Root: כתי; Form: Proper noun, masculine plural; Translation: “Kittiyim”; Notes: Usually identified with Cyprus or western maritime peoples.
5. וּרְא֔וּ (ureʾu) – Root: ראה; Form: Qal imperative masculine plural with vav conjunctive; Translation: “and see”; Notes: Continuation of the command sequence.
6. וְקֵדָ֛ר (ve-Qedar) – Root: קדר; Form: Proper noun with conjunction; Translation: “and to Qedar”; Notes: Refers to an Arab tribe in the desert east of Yisraʾel.
7. שִׁלְח֥וּ (shilḥu) – Root: שלח; Form: Qal imperative masculine plural; Translation: “send”; Notes: A second directive, now concerning Qedar.
8. וְהִֽתְבֹּונְנ֖וּ (vehitbonenu) – Root: בּין; Form: Hitpael imperative masculine plural; Translation: “and consider carefully”; Notes: Reflective form urging thoughtful observation.
9. מְאֹ֑ד (meʾod) – Root: מאד; Form: Adverb; Translation: “very”; Notes: Intensifies the command to consider deeply.
10. וּרְא֕וּ (ureʾu) – Root: ראה; Form: Qal imperative masculine plural; Translation: “and see”; Notes: Repetition for emphasis.
11. הֵ֥ן (hen) – Root: הן; Form: Demonstrative particle; Translation: “if”; Notes: Conditional marker used idiomatically in rhetorical questions.
12. הָיְתָ֖ה (hayetah) – Root: היה; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “has been”; Notes: Refers to a past occurrence.
13. כָּזֹֽאת (kazot) – Root: זה; Form: Demonstrative pronoun feminine singular; Translation: “such a thing”; Notes: Refers to an unprecedented situation.