אַ֚ךְ דְּעִ֣י עֲוֹנֵ֔ךְ כִּ֛י בַּיהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהַ֖יִךְ פָּשָׁ֑עַתְּ וַתְּפַזְּרִ֨י אֶת־דְּרָכַ֜יִךְ לַזָּרִ֗ים תַּ֚חַת כָּל־עֵ֣ץ רַעֲנָ֔ן וּבְקֹולִ֥י לֹא־שְׁמַעְתֶּ֖ם נְאֻם־יְהֹוָֽה׃
Only acknowledge your iniquity, that against YHWH your God you have rebelled, and you have scattered your ways to the strangers under every green tree, and you have not listened to My voice,’ declares YHWH.
Morphology
- אַ֚ךְ (ʾakh) – Root: אך (ʾakh); Form: Adverb; Translation: “Only”; Notes: Introduces an exclusive or limiting command—focuses on a single requirement: acknowledgement.
- דְּעִ֣י (deʾi) – Root: ידע (yadaʿ); Form: Qal imperative feminine singular; Translation: “Acknowledge”; Notes: Addressed to Yisraʾel personified as feminine.
- עֲוֹנֵ֔ךְ (ʿavonek) – Root: עון (ʿavon); Form: Noun masculine singular with 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “your iniquity”; Notes: Refers to guilt from rebellious actions.
- כִּ֛י (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “that”; Notes: Introduces a causal or declarative clause.
- בַּיהוָ֥ה (ba-YHWH) – Root: הוה (havah); Form: Preposition + proper noun; Translation: “against YHWH”; Notes: The object of the rebellion described.
- אֱלֹהַ֖יִךְ (ʾElohayikh) – Root: אלה (ʾelohim); Form: Plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “your God”; Notes: Indicates covenant relationship.
- פָּשָׁ֑עַתְּ (pashaʿt) – Root: פשׁע (pashaʿ); Form: Qal perfect 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “you rebelled”; Notes: Legal and covenantal violation term.
- וַתְּפַזְּרִ֨י (va-tefazzeri) – Root: פזר (pazar); Form: Piel wayyiqtol 2nd person feminine singular; Translation: “and you scattered”; Notes: Intensifies the action—conveys reckless abandonment.
- אֶת־דְּרָכַ֜יִךְ (et-derakhayikh) – Root: דרך (derekh); Form: Accusative marker + plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix; Translation: “your ways”; Notes: Refers to lifestyle or conduct dispersed to strangers.
- לַזָּרִ֗ים (la-zarim) – Root: זר (zar); Form: Preposition + definite plural masculine noun; Translation: “to the strangers”; Notes: Implies spiritual infidelity—idolatrous alliances.
- תַּ֚חַת (taḥat) – Root: תחת (taḥat); Form: Preposition; Translation: “under”; Notes: Common in idolatry contexts—pagan rituals under trees.
- כָּל־עֵ֣ץ (kol-ʿets) – Root: עץ (ʿets); Form: Construct phrase: “every tree”; Notes: A formulaic phrase indicating idolatrous worship sites.
- רַעֲנָ֔ן (raʿanan) – Root: רענן (raʿanan); Form: Adjective masculine singular; Translation: “green”; Notes: Suggests life or allure but used ironically in judgment texts.
- וּבְקֹולִ֥י (u-ve-qoli) – Root: קול (qol); Form: Conjunction + preposition + noun masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix; Translation: “and to My voice”; Notes: YHWH’s command or revelation.
- לֹא־שְׁמַעְתֶּ֖ם (lo-shemaʿtem) – Root: שׁמע (shamaʿ); Form: Negative + Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural; Translation: “you did not listen”; Notes: Sudden shift to plural—indictment broadens beyond one person.
- נְאֻם־יְהֹוָֽה (neʾum-YHWH) – Root: נאם (naʾam); Form: Construct noun + proper name; Translation: “utterance of YHWH”; Notes: Prophetic signature phrase—divine authority behind the message.