ק֣וּמוּ עֲל֗וּ אֶל־גֹּ֥וי שְׁלֵ֛יו יֹושֵׁ֥ב לָבֶ֖טַח נְאֻם־יְהוָ֑ה לֹא־דְלָתַ֧יִם וְלֹֽא־בְרִ֛יחַ לֹ֖ו בָּדָ֥ד יִשְׁכֹּֽנוּ׃
Rise up, go up against a nation at ease, dwelling securely,” declares YHWH. “It has no doors and no bar, alone they dwell.
Morphology
- ק֣וּמוּ (qumu) – Root: קום; Form: Qal imperative 2mp; Translation: “Rise up”; Notes: Call to action directed at the invading forces.
- עֲל֗וּ (ʿalu) – Root: עלה; Form: Qal imperative 2mp; Translation: “Go up”; Notes: A military idiom for going to attack.
- אֶל־ (ʾel) – Root: אל; Form: Preposition; Translation: “against / to”; Notes: Marks the target of the command.
- גֹּוי (goy) – Root: גוי; Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “nation”; Notes: A people group or foreign nation.
- שְׁלֵיו (shleiv) – Root: שׁלה; Form: Adjective masculine singular; Translation: “at ease”; Notes: Conveys complacency or tranquility.
- יֹושֵׁב (yoshev) – Root: ישׁב; Form: Qal participle masculine singular; Translation: “dwelling”; Notes: Continuous state of security.
- לָבֶטַח (la-vetach) – Root: בטח; Form: Preposition לְ + noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “in security”; Notes: Indicates a sense of safety and confidence.
- נְאֻם־יְהוָה (neʾum-YHWH) – Root: נאם; Form: Noun construct + divine name; Translation: “declares YHWH”; Notes: Prophetic formula affirming divine authority.
- לֹא־ (lo) – Root: לא; Form: Negative particle with maqqef; Translation: “no / not”; Notes: Used here for negating existence.
- דְלָתַיִם (delatayim) – Root: דלת; Form: Dual noun feminine; Translation: “doors”; Notes: Emphasizes lack of fortification.
- וְלֹא־ (ve-lo) – Root: לא; Form: Conjunction + negative particle; Translation: “and no”; Notes: Continues the description of vulnerability.
- בְרִיחַ (veriʿaḥ) – Root: ברח; Form: Noun masculine singular absolute; Translation: “bar”; Notes: Refers to a bolt or bar securing gates.
- לֹו (lo) – Root: ל; Form: Preposition לְ + third ms suffix; Translation: “to it / for it”; Notes: Refers back to the nation under judgment.
- בָּדָד (badad) – Root: בדד; Form: Adverb; Translation: “alone”; Notes: Conveys isolation, without allies or defenses.
- יִשְׁכֹּנוּ (yishkenu) – Root: שׁכן; Form: Qal imperfect 3mp; Translation: “they dwell”; Notes: Describes their continuing habitation in a defenseless state.