לֶאֱדֹ֗ום כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָאֹ֔ות הַאֵ֥ין עֹ֛וד חָכְמָ֖ה בְּתֵימָ֑ן אָבְדָ֤ה עֵצָה֙ מִבָּנִ֔ים נִסְרְחָ֖ה חָכְמָתָֽם׃
Concerning Edom, thus says YHWH of Hosts: “Is there no longer wisdom in Teman? Has counsel perished from the prudent? Has their wisdom decayed?
Morphology
- לֶאֱדֹום (le-ʾEdom) – Root: —; Form: Preposition לְ + proper noun; Translation: “concerning Edom”; Notes: Introduces the oracle directed against Edom.
- כֹּה (koh) – Root: —; Form: Demonstrative adverb; Translation: “thus”; Notes: Standard prophetic introduction.
- אָמַר (amar) – Root: אמר; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “says”; Notes: Prophetic formula.
- יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: הוה/יהוה; Form: Proper noun, divine name; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The covenant name of Israel’s God.
- צְבָאֹות (tsevaʾot) – Root: צבא; Form: Noun masculine plural construct; Translation: “of hosts”; Notes: Title emphasizing God’s sovereignty over heavenly armies.
- הַאֵין (ha-ʾein) – Root: —; Form: Interrogative particle + negative existential; Translation: “is there not?”; Notes: Rhetorical question format.
- עֹוד (ʿod) – Root: —; Form: Adverb; Translation: “still, any longer”; Notes: Emphasizes absence or end of something.
- חָכְמָה (ḥokhmah) – Root: חכם; Form: Noun feminine singular absolute; Translation: “wisdom”; Notes: Refers to practical or divine insight.
- בְּתֵימָן (be-Teman) – Root: —; Form: Preposition בְּ + proper noun; Translation: “in Teman”; Notes: A region of Edom renowned for wisdom traditions.
- אָבְדָה (ʾavdah) – Root: אבד; Form: Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “has perished”; Notes: Refers to the loss of sound guidance.
- עֵצָה (ʿetsah) – Root: יעץ; Form: Noun feminine singular absolute; Translation: “counsel”; Notes: Refers to wise advice or strategic planning.
- מִבָּנִים (mi-banīm) – Root: בן; Form: Preposition מִן + noun masculine plural absolute; Translation: “from the prudent/children (of wisdom)”; Notes: Likely denotes those considered wise men.
- נִסְרְחָה (nisrekhah) – Root: סרח; Form: Niphal perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “has decayed/has become corrupt”; Notes: Indicates moral or intellectual corruption.
- חָכְמָתָם (ḥokhmatam) – Root: חכם; Form: Noun feminine singular construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix; Translation: “their wisdom”; Notes: Collective wisdom of Edom’s wise men, now said to be ruined.