Jeremiah 52:3

כִּ֣י עַל־אַ֣ף יְהוָ֗ה הָֽיְתָה֙ בִּירוּשָׁלִַ֣ם וִֽיהוּדָ֔ה עַד־הִשְׁלִיכֹ֥ו אֹותָ֖ם מֵעַ֣ל פָּנָ֑יו וַיִּמְרֹ֥ד צִדְקִיָּ֖הוּ בְּמֶ֥לֶךְ בָּבֶֽל׃

For because of the anger of YHWH it was against Yerushalayim and Yehuda, until He had cast them out from before His face. And Tsidqiyyahu rebelled against the king of Bavel.

Morphology

1. כִּי (ki) – Root: כי (ki); Form: Conjunction; Translation: “for / because”; Notes: Introduces reason or cause.
2. עַל־אַף (ʿal-af) – Root: אף (ʾaf); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “because of the anger”; Notes: Literally “upon anger,” an idiom for divine wrath.
3. יְהוָה (YHWH) – Root: Divine Name; Form: Proper noun; Translation: “YHWH”; Notes: The God of Yisraʾel, source of judgment.
4. הָיְתָה (hayetah) – Root: היה (hayah); Form: Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular; Translation: “it was”; Notes: Refers to the situation of divine wrath.
5. בִּירוּשָׁלַם (bi-Yerushalayim) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Preposition + place name; Translation: “in Yerushalayim”; Notes: The city of Jerusalem, center of worship.
6. וִיהוּדָה (vi-Yehudah) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Conjunction + place name; Translation: “and Yehudah”; Notes: Refers to the southern kingdom.
7. עַד־הִשְׁלִיכֹו (ʿad-hishlikho) – Root: שלך (shalakh); Form: Preposition + Hifil infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “until He had cast them out”; Notes: Marks extent of divine judgment.
8. אֹותָם (otam) – Root: את (ʾet); Form: Direct object pronoun masculine plural; Translation: “them”; Notes: Refers to the people of Yerushalayim and Yehudah.
9. מֵעַל (me-ʿal) – Root: על (ʿal); Form: Preposition; Translation: “from upon / from before”; Notes: Indicates removal from God’s presence.
10. פָּנָיו (panav) – Root: פנים (panim); Form: Noun masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix; Translation: “His face”; Notes: Symbol of divine presence.
11. וַיִּמְרֹד (va-yimrod) – Root: מרד (marad); Form: Qal wayyiqtol 3rd person masculine singular; Translation: “and he rebelled”; Notes: Marks Tsidqiyahu’s act of treachery against Babylon.
12. צִדְקִיָּהוּ (Tsidqiyahu) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Personal name; Translation: “Tsidqiyahu”; Notes: The last king of Yehudah.
13. בְּמֶלֶךְ (be-melekh) – Root: מלך (melekh); Form: Preposition + noun masculine singular; Translation: “against the king”; Notes: Expresses opposition.
14. בָּבֶל (Bavel) – Root: Proper noun; Form: Place name feminine singular; Translation: “Bavel”; Notes: Refers to Babylon, the empire ruling over Yehudah.